Literary Collaboration and Control Annotated Bibliography

Benjamin Mako Hill

Udanax green febe protocol. Published electronically at http://www.udanax.com/green/febe/index.html. Key: Udanax1999
Annotation: This is the adaptation of the 1988 Xanadu Green manual for the Web. It explain the interface between the front-end and back-end within the software.
[ bib ]
Project xanadu® history (lo-res). Published Electronically at: http://xanadu.com/HISTORY/, May 2001. Accessed March 20, 2003. Key: Xanadu2001
[ bib ]
Eldred v. ashcroft: Legal documents: Supreme court. Published Electronically at: http://www.eldred.cc/legal/supremecourt.html, 2003. Accessed 22 April 2003. Key: Eldred2003
Annotation: A list of all the documents filed in the Supreme Court case for Eldred v. Ashcroft.
[ bib ]
Wiki. Published Electronically at http://c2.com/cgi/wiki, March 2003. Key: Wiki2003
[ bib ]
William P. Alford. To Steal a Book Is an Elegant Offense. Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA, 1995. Key: Alford1995
Annotation: The book discusses the idea of intellectually property, or the lack thereof, in Chinese literature before the twentieth century. It argues that there is an attitude toward literature that is based in sharing and working together that is fundamentally opposed to ideas of textual ownership and so codified version of this idea in intellectual property were out of context in Chinese culture.
[ bib ]
Lisa Bannon. The birds may sing, but campers can't unless they pay up. The Wall Street Journal, August 1996. 22. Reprinted in South-Coast Today. Key: Bannon1996a
Annotation: The full version that was retrieved from South-Coast Today's website at http://www.s-t.com/daily/08-96/08-23-96/b02li056.htm. This fantastic article describes the way that ASCAP officials threated a number of camps including the Girl Scouts of America an d how this goal blown out of proportion. It's a perfect example of the way that copyright law and the copyright holders are simply not meshing with reality. I heard about the story first in Zittrain talk mentioned in Zittrain2002.
[ bib ]
Lisa Bannon. Lawsuit threat means silence around the campfire. Chicago Sun Times, page 3, August 1996. 22. Key: Bannon1996
Annotation: Shorter version of the WSJ article on the girl scout threats by ASCAP.
[ bib ]
Joseph Barbato. Giving up the ghost. Publishers Weekly, 229(3):34-38, January 1986. Key: Barbato1986
Annotation: Leonard's bibliography describes the way it discusses the escalating scale of ``as-told-to,'' ``with,'' and ``and.''
[ bib ]
Edward Barrett, editor. The Society of Text: Hypertext, Hypermedia and the Social Construction of Information. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1989. Key: Barrett1989
[ bib ]
Roland Barthes. The death of the author. In David Finkelstein and Alistair McCleery, editors, The Book History Reader, chapter 15, pages 221-224. Routledge, New York, NY, 2002. Key: Barthes2002
[ bib ]
Yochai Benkler. Free as the air to common use: First amendment constraints on the enclosure of the public domain. New York University Law Review, May 1999. Key: Benkler1999
[ bib ]
Yochai Benkler. Coase's penguin, or, linux and the nature of the firm. Published Electronically at: http://www.benkler.org/CoasesPenguin.PDF, October 2001. Key: Benkler2001
Annotation: This long piece tries to investigation collaboration as an emerging type of peer production exemplified by Linux and facilitated by new technology. It's implications for collaborative writing are important.
[ bib ]
A. Scott Berg. Max Perkins: Editor of Genius. E. P. Dutton, New York, NY, 1978. Key: Berg1978
Annotation: Perkins, who edited a number of authors including Fitzgerald, Hemingway and Thomas Wolfe, is an interesting example of editing and the editor as a collaborator. Unfortunately, Berg spends only a minimal amount of time on this and I didn't find the book of particular use for my paper and scrapped the discussion of Perkins altogether.
[ bib ]
Tim Berners-Lee. Information management: A proposal. Published Electronically at: http://www.w3.org/History/1989/proposal.html, 1989. Key: BernersLee1989
Annotation: The original document laying out the plan for the World Wide Web, before it was even called that. File store locally.
[ bib ]
David Bollier. Silent Theft: The Private Plunder of Our Common Wealth. Routledge Press, New York, NY, 2002. Key: Bollier2002
Annotation: Bollier puts forward a metaphor of the commons to tie together a number of different movements like the environmental movement and the free software movement.
[ bib ]
Catherine P. Dice Bruce W. Speck, Teresa R. Johnson and Leon B. Heaton, editors. Collaborative Writing: An Annotated Bibliography. Greenwood Press, Westport, CT, 1999. Key: Speck1999
Annotation: The annotated bibliography is large, exhaustive for work before 1999, and the annotations are consistently informative and good. The book is largely split into collaboration in the classroom and in non-academic settings which is presents an awkward division for my analysis. However, it proved invaluable in the research of computer supported collaboration several other sections.
[ bib ]
Kenneth A. Bruffee. Collaborative learning: Some practical models. College English, 34(5):634-643, February 1973. Key: Bruffee1973a
Annotation: The article introduces examples of collaborative learning is extremely prevalent and effective outside the classroom in a wide variety of areas. It then describes the way that Bruffee has introduced collaborative processes into the classroom and describes wholly positive results that he has enjoyed as a product. It is very geared toward collaborative learning.
[ bib ]
Kenneth A. Bruffee. Comment and response: Collaborative learning. College English, 43(7):745-747, November 1981. Key: Bruffee1981
Annotation: This essay is part of an exchange with Richard Gebhardt about the nature and dangers of collaborative work and discussions of students who might be unprepared for collaborative work. Neither response seems like it's arguing over anything fully substantive, at least to my argument.
[ bib ]
Kenneth A. Bruffee. A collaborative learning and the 'conversation of mankind'. College English, 46(7):635-652, 1984. Key: Bruffee1984
Annotation: This is Bruffee's longest and most in-depth article on collaborative writing and collaborative learning. In it, introduces the ideas upon which collaborative learning is based. He connects writing and learning with a different method for approaching thought as a community process. He references Kuhn and uses this to make an argument about how English should be taught collaboratively.
[ bib ]
Kenneth A. Bruffee. Kenneth a. bruffee responds. College English, 48(1):77-78, 1986. Key: Bruffee1986
Annotation: Kenneth Bruffee defending his vision of collaborative learning and collaborative writing as he response to Johnson-an article that is currently not listed in this database.
[ bib ]
Vannevar Bush. As we may think. The Atlantic Monthly, pages 106-107, July 1945. Key: Bush1945
Annotation: This is the article from 1945 that is credited with being the first introduction of the concept of hypertext. File stored locally.
[ bib ]
Lee Callister. Zigzag and xanadu: A chat with ted nelson. Digiville NuMedia Gazette, 1995. Key: Callister1995
[ bib ]
John Clifford. Composing in stages: The effects of a collaborative pedagogy. Research in the Teaching of English, 15, 1981. Key: Clifford1981
Annotation: Clifford designed a study that attempts to ``empirically test'' theories that claim that collaboration (in the form of peer conference groups) improved students' writing. He rigorously control the groups and noted ``significantly higher gains,'' in the group that was working collaboratively over the groups that were not.
[ bib ]
Barry E. Collins and Harold Guetzkow. A social psychology of group processes for decision-making. Wiley, New York, NY, 1964. Key: Collins1964
Annotation: The authors introduce a concept of the ``assemblage'' affect which states that a group's final product superior is superior to that of even the best member's individual efforts. Cited in the introduction to Collaborative Writing in Industry (Lay1991).
[ bib ]
Creative Commons. Projects: Founders' copyright. Published Electronically at: http://creativecommons.org/projects/founderscopyright, 2003. Accessed 13 April 2003. Key: CreativeCommons2003a
Annotation: The Founders' Copyright is a contractual agreement between CC and a copyright holder where the copyright holder agrees to release their work into the public domain after fourteen years which is the original duration of copyright as stated by the United States' founding fathers.
[ bib ]
Barbara Couture and Jone Rymer. Discourse interaction between writer and supervisor: A primary collaboration in workplace writing. In Harry M. Lay and William M. Karis, editors, Collaborative Writing in Industry: Investigation in Theory and Practice, pages 87-108. Baywood, Amityville, NY, 1991. Key: Couture1991
[ bib ]
Jeffrey N. Cox. Poetry and Politics in the Cockney School. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 1998. Key: Cox1998
[ bib ]
David Daiches. The King James Version of the Bible: An Account of the Development and Sources of the English Bible of 1611 with Special Reference to the Hebrew Tradition. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL, 1941. Key: Daiches1941
Annotation: Daiches provides an in-depth look at the history of the translation of the King James Bible. The end of the first chapter gives an overview of the collaborative process and the beginning of the fourth chapter describes the rules which the translation coalition operated under in great detail.
[ bib ]
Collette Daiute. Do 1 and 1 make 2? Written Communication, pages 382-408, 1986. Key: Daiute1986
Annotation: Study of fourth and fifth grade students using word processors working together and as groups. The technological aspect is rather incidental except for a few comments but she finds that the kids working together, in almost all cases, causes the kids to learn more about writing and to write better work than when they work together. It's an example of empirical evidence supporting collaboration.
[ bib ]
Steve Ditlea. Xanadu's creator at 60: Still visionary, still cantankerous. New York Times, June 21, 1997. Key: Ditlea1997
Annotation: Article written after an interview with Ted Nelson in 1997 with some good quotes and a description of his history. File stored locally.
[ bib ]
Alan Dix, Roberta Mancini, and Stefano Levialdi. Communication, action and history. In Proceedings of CHI'97, Atlanta, GA. ACM, ACM Press. Key: Dix1997
[ bib ]
Alan Dix, Tom Rodden, and Ian Sommerville. Modeling versions in collaborative work. In IEE Proceedings in Software Engineering, 1997. Key: Dix1997a
[ bib ]
Alan J. Dix and Victoria C. Miles. Version control for asynchronous group work. YCS 181, Department of Computer Science, University of York, (Poster presentation HCI'92: People and Computers VII), 1992. Key: Dix1992
[ bib ]
Emma Donoghue. We are Michael Field. The Cromwell Press, Trowbridge, UK, 1998. Key: Donoghue1998
Annotation: This is a bit of biography about Michael Fields, a name that friends and publishers used to refer to two poet who collaborated on poetry. The women, Katherine Bradly and Edith Cooper, lived and wrote poetry together. Pages 34-38 describe the collaboration. It's an interesting example, especially from a feminist and lesbian example. Their reasoning for using a joint pseudonym is multifaceted and telling but perhaps more complex than I can go into for this paper.
[ bib ]
Ann Hill Duin, Linda A. Jorn, and Mark S. DeBower. Collaborative writing-courseware and telecommunications. In Harry M. Lay and William M. Karis, editors, Collaborative Writing in Industry: Investigation in Theory and Practice, pages 146-169. Baywood, Amityville, NY, 1991. Key: Duin1991
Annotation: These authors emphasize the role of communication in collaboration and the creation of lots and lots of smaller document that lead into larger documents.
[ bib ]
Lisa Ede and Andrea Lunsford. Research in collaborative writing. Technical Communication, 32(4):69-70, 1985. Key: Ede1985
Annotation: This is a survey of six major professions. The authors find that 87 percent of respondents wrote collaboratively at least ``sometimes.''
[ bib ]
Lisa Ede and Andrea Lunsford. Collaborative learning: Lessons from the world of work. Writing Programs Administrator, 9(3):11-26, 1986. Key: Ede1986a
[ bib ]
Lisa Ede and Andrea Lunsford. Why write ... together: A research update. Rhetoric Review, 5(1):71-81, 1986. Key: Ede1986
Annotation: The authors describe seven variables in collaborative writing groups which success and satisfaction will depend on: control, credit, modifications, procedures for dispute resolution, flexibility with pre-established formats, deadlines and other constraints, and these status of the project within the organization.
[ bib ]
T. S. Eliot. The Waste Land: A Facsimile and Transcript of the Original Drafts Including the Annotations of Ezra Pound. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc., New York, NY, 1971. Key: Eliot1971
Annotation: In these Facsimile's the extensive editing of Ezra Pound is clearly evident. In some spaces, entire pages are crossed out and other parts are rewritten wholesale. It's an excellent primary source of the nature and the extensive nature of collaboration on modern literary works.
[ bib ]
Jr. Eugene F. Provenzo. The Gutenberg Galaxy: Microcomputers and the Emergence of Post-Typographical Culture. Teachers College Press, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 1986. Key: Provenzo1986
Annotation: Provenzo picks up where McLuhan left off in The Gutenberg Galaxy and compares the emergence of microcomputers to the emergence of the printing press and tries to analyze the social, intellectual and political issues at the heart of the issue. He introduces computer and describes this possibilities with striking accuracy. He also hypothesizes that the real power of the computer lies not in the machines themselves but their ability to be networked (29). He has a chapter on the Electronic Scriptorium that compares the advances in micro-computer technology to the type of information sharing at the heart of the Renaissance but quickly gets distracted by the idea of virtual universities and new forms of scholarship.
[ bib ]
G. R. Evans. The Language and Logic of the Bible: The Earlier Middle Ages. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 1984. Key: Evans1984
Annotation: Along with other topics, the book details the process of medieval annotations which are a unique and amazing collaborative enterprise.
[ bib ]
David K. Farkas. Collaborative writing, software development, and the universe of collaborative activity. In Harry M. Lay and William M. Karis, editors, Collaborative Writing in Industry: Investigation in Theory and Practice, pages 13-30. Baywood, Amityville, NY, 1991. Key: Farkas1991
Annotation: Farkas lays out a definition of collaboration and a description of why collaboration is difficult. While I disagree with what he does with it, his definition and analysis is important and unusual. He divides collaboration into productive and unproductive and problematic and unproblematic. He continues by looking at literary collaboration in the context of collaboration on software development.
[ bib ]
Leonard Felder. Successful collaboration: When two pens are better than one. Writer, 96:20-22, December 1983. Key: Felder1983
[ bib ]
United States District Court for the Northern District of California. Fantasy, inc. v. fogerty, July 8 1987. 664 F. Supp. 1345. Key: USDC1987
Annotation: This is the case in which John Fogerty is sued by his former record company for infringing the copyright on a song that Fogerty wrote earlier in his career.
[ bib ]
Michel Foucault. What is an author? In David Finkelstein and Alistair McCleery, editors, The Book History Reader, chapter 15, pages 225-230. Routledge, New York, NY, 2002. Key: Foucault2002
[ bib ]
Frank E. Gaebelein. Down through the Ages: The Story of the King James Bible. The Macmillan Company. Key: Gaebelien1924
Annotation: Gaebelein's history begins with the origins of the Bible, touches on the major English translations, and ends with a discussion of the KJV. He is highly religious and mentions but avoids conceding points that he feels challenge the validity of the Bible. His description of the collaborative processes in the creation of the KJV is superficial and quick but a good summation. His praise and description of the quality of the KJV Bible is unlikely to be paralleled.
[ bib ]
Richard Gebhardt. Teamwork and feedback: Broadening the base of collaborative writing. College English, 42:69-74, 1980. Key: Gebhardt1980
Annotation: Gebhardt advocates the use of peer conference groups for invention and creation and argues that it provides emotional support.
[ bib ]
Richard Gebhardt. Richard gebhardt responds. College English, 43(7):747-749, 1981. Key: Gebhardt1981
Annotation: Response to Bruffee's response to Gebhardt's article a year before. See the annotations on Bruffee1981 for more information.
[ bib ]
Anne Ruggles Gere. Writing Groups: History, Theory and Implications. Souther Illinois University Press, Carbondale, IL, 1987. Key: Gere1987
Annotation: Gere's study spans over 100 years and argues that writing groups are neither new or novel and that they exist both within and beyond the academy. Leonard has a very complimentary description in his bibliography.
[ bib ]
Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay. The Federalist. Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1966. Key: Writer1966
Annotation: Madison's paper 43 opens up with a paragraph about copyright and why it is important in American law and why Article 1, Section 8 is important in the beginning of the new country.
[ bib ]
Ian Harvey. Netizens rally behind teen hacker. Toronto Sun, page 7, 2000. 28 January. Business Section. Key: Harvey2000
Annotation: This is a longer article on Johansen getting arrested that describes some of the campaigns to have him freed.
[ bib ]
et all Jack M. Balkin. Eldred v. ashcroft: Brief of jack m. balkin, yochai benkler, burt neuborne, robert post, and jed rubenfeld as amici curiae in support of the petitioners, 2002. Supreme Court of the United States. No. 01-618. Key: Balkin2002
Annotation: Available: http://eon.law.harvard.edu/openlaw/eldredvashcroft/supct/amici/conlawprofs.pdf and locally.
[ bib ]
Peter Jaszi. On the author effect: Recovering collectivity. In Martha Woodmansee and Peter Jaszi, editors, The Construction of Authorship: Textual Appropriation in Law and Literature, pages 29-56. Duke University Press, 1994. Key: Jaszi1994
[ bib ]
Peter Jaszi. Eldred v. ashcroft: Brief of amici curiae national writers union, et all, 2002. Supreme Court of the United States. No. 01-618. Key: Jaszi2002
Annotation: Available: and locally.
[ bib ]
Andy Kirby, Paul Rayson, Tom Rodden, Ian Sommerville, and Alan Dix. Versioning the web. In R. Conradi, editor, 7th International Workshop on Software Configuration Management, pages 163-173, Boston, MA, 1997. Key: Kirby1997
[ bib ]
Keith Laumer. How to collaboration without getting your head shaved. In Damon Knight, editor, Turning Points: Essays on the Art of Science Fiction, pages 215-217. Harper, New York, 1977. Key: Laumer1977
[ bib ]
et all Lawrence Lessig. Eldred v. ashcroft: Brief for the petitioners, 2002. Supreme Court of the United States. No. 01-618. Key: Lessig2002
Annotation: Brief field by the government in Eldred v. Ashcroft in the Supreme Court challenge to the Sonny Bono CTEA. It discusses all kinds of information on collaboration, sharing, and the negative effect of legal control on these processes and literature more broadly. Available: http://eon.law.harvard.edu/openlaw/eldredvashcroft/supct/opening-brief.pdf and locally.
[ bib ]
Harry M. Lay and William M. Karis, editors. Collaborative Writing in Industry: Investigation in Theory and Practice. Baywood, Amityville, NY, 1991. Key: Lay1991
Annotation: Leonard: This collection of essays is divided into four sections. The first addresses theoretical concerns; the second provides case-study applications; the third explores th connections between collaborative writing practices and telecommunications and computer-assisted learning; the final section is titled ``Current Industrial Concerns: Gathering, Verifying, and Editing Information.''
[ bib ]
Jennifer Lee. U.s. arrests russian cryptographer as copyright violator. New York Times, 2001. 18 July. Section C, Page 8, Column 1. Key: Lee2001
Annotation: This is the first article I could find in the mainstream media detailing what happened with Dmitri Sklyarov.
[ bib ]
Karen Burke LeFevre. Invention as a Social Act. Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale, IL, 1987. Key: Lefevre1987
Annotation: Chapter 4 pertains specifically to invention as a collaborative act and provides a theoretical foundation as well as examples of collaborative views. It includes classical rhetoric as well as modern applications. It has a great bibliography.
[ bib ]
James S. Leonard, Christine E. Warton, Robert Murray David, and Jeanette Harris, editors. Author-ity and Textuality: Current Views of Collaborative Writing. Locust Hill Press, West Cornwall, CT, 1994. Key: Leonard1994
[ bib ]
Lawrence Lessig. Code and Other Laws of Cyberspace. Basic Books, New York, NY. Key: Lessig1999
Annotation: This book introduces Lessig's idea of ``code'' which he uses to refer to both technical and legal mechanisms for control. He also connects to this the economic pressures often motivating control. His work provides a great resource in describing the political nature of technical design and in connecting the technical to legal.
[ bib ]
Bo Leuf and Ward Cunningham. The Wiki Way: Quick Collaboration on the Web. Addison Wesley, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 2001. Key: Leuf2001
Annotation: This book is co-authored by the inventor of the Wiki, Ward Cunningham and describes the design, history and usefulness of Wikis. It's not completely clear why such a large book was necessary but it provides everything I need and more on Wikis for the tech section.
[ bib ]
Mark L. Levine. Double trouble. Writer's Digest, 65(3):34-35, March 1985. Key: Levine1985
Annotation: Leonard describes the article as ``Advice from a lawyer about legal pitfalls of collaboration, and, a sample ``Memorandum of Understanding.''''
[ bib ]
W. M. Lindsay and H. J. Thomson. Ancient Lore in Medieval Latin Glossaries. Oxford University Press, London, England, 1921. Key: Lindsay1921
[ bib ]
Arnold P. Lutzker. Eldred v. ashcroft: Brief of amici curiae in support of petitioners, 2002. United States Supreme Court. No. 01-618. Key: Lutzker2002
Annotation: Lutzker writes on behalf of library association and discusses in depth issues of preservation and the fact that CTEA certainly will not aid in the preservation of older and deteriorated copyrighted works as the government and copyright holders were arguing. Available: http://eon.law.harvard.edu/openlaw/eldredvashcroft/supct/amici/libraries.pdf and locally. This is written for the American Library Association and fourteen other library associations.
[ bib ]
Elizabeth L. Malone. Facilitating groups through selective participation: An example of collaboration from nasa. In Harry M. Lay and William M. Karis, editors, Collaborative Writing in Industry: Investigation in Theory and Practice, pages 109-119. Baywood, Amityville, NY, 1991. Key: Malone1991
Annotation: Malone argues that looking at groups academically if flawed because it doesn't look at groups as dynamic coalitions that can change over time and then provides and example to the contrary.
[ bib ]
D. T. Max. The carver chronicles. The New Yorker Magazine, pages 35-40, 51, 56-67, August 1998. Key: Max1998
Annotation: This article describe the role of the author Gordon Lish in the creation of Raymond Carter's short stories which sat at the heart of the American literary scene in the 1980's. The story mirrors the relationship between Pound and Eliot but has some more interesting questions of ownership and copyright since it was more hidden and took place during the 80's.
[ bib ]
Alexander Meiklejohn. The first amendment is an absolute. In Philip B. Kurland, editor, Free Speech and Association: The Supreme Court and the First Amendment, pages 1-22. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL, 1975. Key: Meiklejohn1975
Annotation: Meiklejohn lays out a strong argument for the protection of free speech by arguing that the point of free speech is in promoting a democratic discourse. As a result, speech with direct political implications must be strongly speech but so much all speech that informs a democratic speech which, interpreted broadly as argues, would include almost everything and provide a robust system of protection.
[ bib ]
Herald Sun Melbourne. Dvd copy case. Herald Sun Melbourne, 2000. 22 January. Key: HeraldSun2000
Annotation: This is the first mention in a major American paper that I found of Jon Johansen getting arrested.
[ bib ]
Eben Moglen. The dotcommunist manifesto: How culture became property and what we're going to do about it. Published Electronically at: http://www.ibiblio.org/moglen, 2001. University of North Carolina. November 8. Key: Moglen2001
Annotation: This is the speech given at UNC. It does follow a bit of the manifesto form. It's moving, contains lots of great stories and a good deal of theoretical basis. A fantastic resource.
[ bib ]
Eben Moglen. Eldred v. ashcroft: Brief amicus curiae of the free software foundation in support of petitioners, 2002. Supreme Court of the United States. No. 01-618. Key: Moglen2002
Annotation: Available: http://eon.law.harvard.edu/openlaw/eldredvashcroft/supct/amici/fsf.pdf and locally.
[ bib ]
Robert B. Morrill. Micrel, inc. v. linear technology corp.: Petition for a writ of certiorari. Published Electronically at: http://www.goldsteinhowe.com/blog/files/Micrel\%20Reply\%20Final.pdf, September 19 2002. Supreme Court of the United States. No. 02-39. Key: Morrill2002
Annotation: Uses a citation from Websters 1913.
[ bib ]
Marcia Muller and Bill Prozini. Should you collaborate? Writer, 98(3):7-10, 45, 1985. Key: Muller1985
[ bib ]
Theodor Holmes Nelson. Literary Machines. Self Published, Swarthmore, PA, 3rd edition, 1981. Key: Nelson1981
Annotation: This is an amazing book and an amazing resource. It details Xanadu, Ted Nelson's hypertext system but introduces all the concepts that he feels are necessary to understanding it. This includes his philosophy on literature, creativity, version control and other type of control. His attitudes toward legal control and copyright seems strange and rather controlling but the end result might be interesting. His work is visionary and incalculably useful in any technical or philosophical discussion of collaborative writing.
[ bib ]
Kirk Nesset. The Stories of Raymond Carver: A Critical Study. Ohio University Press, Athens, OH, 1995. Key: Nesset1995
[ bib ]
Neil W. Netanel. Copyright and a democratic civil society. Yale Law Journal, 106(2):283-387, November 1996. Key: Netanel1996
[ bib ]
Jacob Neusner. Invitation to the Talmud. Harper and Row Publishers, New York, NY, 1973. Key: Neusner1973
[ bib ]
Janice E. Oakes. Copyright and the first amendment: Where lies the public interest? Tulane Law Review, 59, October 1984. Key: Oakes1984
Annotation: Oakes argues that because of the idea/expression dichotomy, there should ideally be no copyright/first amendment conflict. However, she notes that often, ``ideas alone are not sufficient to enable an author to express his own ideas, and the rights of free speech and free press demand access to the particular from of expression contained in a copyrighted work.'' She argues that this is the reason that has historically been, an needs to be very narrow, encompassing only the author's theories and original expression of particular facts.
[ bib ]
United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit. Estate of martin luther king, jr., inc. v. cbs, inc., November 5 1999. 194 F.3d 1211. Key: FedAppeals1999
Annotation: In this appeal of USDC1998, the court reverse the opinion, taking Martin Luther King's speech out of the public domain.
[ bib ]
United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. Fantasy, inc. v. fogerty, February 2 1993. 984 F.2d 1524. Key: FedAppeals1993
Annotation: A continuation of the case above. This case focuses mostly on attorney fees.
[ bib ]
United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. Apple computer, inc. v. microsoft corporation, inc., September 1994. 35 F.3d 1435. Key: FedAppeals1994
Annotation: A landmark look and feel argument. File stored locally.
[ bib ]
United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit. Whelan associates, inc. v. jaslow dental laboratory, inc, August 1986. 797 F.2d 1222. Key: FedAppeals1986
Annotation: This was one of the first ``look and feel'' court cases.
[ bib ]
Supreme Court of the United States. Baker v. selden, 1879. 101 U.S. 99 (Mem). Key: SCOTUS1879
[ bib ]
Supreme Court of the United States. Burrow-giles lithographic company v. sarony, March 1884. 111 U.S. 53. Key: SCOTUS1884
Annotation: In a case about a photograph of Oscar Wilde, the case establishes the copyrightability of photography and also talks a lot about the idea of authorship and originality and places this conception of authorship with the photographer (as opposed to an actor).
[ bib ]
Supreme Court of the United States. Bleinstein v. donaldson lithographing company, February 1903. 188 U.S. 239. Key: SCOTUS1903
Annotation: In this case, the court decides on whether a series of lithographs of circus posters are copyrightable. It cuts to the center of this idea of whether something that is functional can still be original an creative and questions about what one can copyright and what one can not.
[ bib ]
Supreme Court of the United States. Mazer v. stein, March 8 1954. 347 U.S. 201. Key: SCOTUS1954
Annotation: The last paragraph has a great passage describing copyright's foundation is the benefit of the public and the people as opposed to the copyright holders themselves.
[ bib ]
Supreme Court of the United States. Harper & row, publishers, inc., et al. v. nation enterprises et al., May 20 1985. 471 U.S. 539. Key: SCOTUS1985
Annotation: Former President Ford has contracted with a publisher to publish his memoirs and then a chunk of them were published without permission by the Nation.
[ bib ]
Supreme Court of the United States. Stewart et al. v. abend, dba authors research co., April 24 1990. 495 U.S. 207. Key: SCOTUS1990
Annotation: A rather complex case about an author who sold rights during oner period of copyright and then copyright was extended multiple times and it was unclear who owned the work or what the film company could do with their version of the work when their ownership of the copyright had expired. It has a great quote about the importance of limited times.
[ bib ]
Supreme Court of the United States, 2003. 537 U. S. Eldred v. Ashcroft (2003). Key: SCOTUS2003
Annotation: The text of the decision, written by Justice Ginsberg. Of course, the petitions are defeated in a 7-2 vote. Dissents by Stevens and Breyer are well written but not included in this file. Ginsburg gives only three pages to the petitioners First Amendment argument.
[ bib ]
United States Copyright Office. Copyright enactments: laws passed in the United States since 1783 relating to copyright. Copyright office, Library of Congress, rev edition, 1963. Key: USCO1963
[ bib ]
United States Copyright Office. Copyright basics. Published Electronically at http://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ1.html, September 2000. Key: USCO2000
Annotation: This is a good primer on copyright copyright basics as the law stands. Its updated frequently enough to stay current and is long and in depth enough to cover a bit of the background, history, and more of a FAQ sort of use as well.
[ bib ]
Lyman Ray Patterson. Copyright in Historical Perspective. Vanderbilt University Press, Nashville, TN, 1968. Key: Patterson1968
Annotation: Vaidhyanathan recommends it as a good general account of the development of copyright. It is narrative in nature but relatively entraining and well researched. It has a chapter on ``Copyright in Historic Perspective'' which is well suited to my description of copyright in a socio-historical context. Unfortunately, the book is almost wholly limited to the UK and focuses the vast majority of its discussion on very early or pre-copyright periods.
[ bib ]
William Van Pelt and Alice Gillam. Peer collaboration and the computer-assisted classroom: Bridging the gap between academics and the workplace. In Harry M. Lay and William M. Karis, editors, Collaborative Writing in Industry: Investigation in Theory and Practice, pages 170-205. Baywood, Amityville, NY, 1991. Key: Pelt1991
[ bib ]
Bryan Pfaffenberger. Why open content matters. Linux Journal, 30, April 11 2001. Key: Pfaffenberger2001
Annotation: Pfaffenberger makes a concise argument for the importance of open content and argues that the free software's license based model is the only way to do it correctly.
[ bib ]
Robert Pool. Beyond Engineering. Oxford University Press, New York, NY, 1997. Key: Pool1997
Annotation: Pool set out to write a story about nuclear power but ended up writing a much broader analysis, although he still keeps nuclear power as the central example for the book. Rather than continuing to describe the way that technology a affects society in important ways, he describes the way that society itself affects the development of technology. Pooly says in the introduction: ``Invention is no longer, as Ralph Waldo Emerson's aphorism had it, simply a matter of 'Build a better mousetrap and the world will beat a path to your door.' The world is already at your door, and it is a few things to say about that mousetrap.'' He also sets out one of his goals of marrying the positivist and social constructionist vision in regards to science and technology.
[ bib ]
Digital Speech Project. About the dmca. Published Electronically at http://www.digitalspeech.org/dmca.shtml, 2003. Accessed 31 March 2003. Key: DigitalSpeech2003
Annotation: This page includes a short description of the DMCA and its effects and then a pieced called ``The DMCA and You'' by Larry Garfield.
[ bib ]
Eric S. Raymond. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. O'Reilly and Associates, Sebastopol, CA, 1999. Key: Raymond1999
Annotation: Contains a number of essays by ESR including the famous Cathedral and Bazaar. Most essays are available on the Internet on ESR's website. The title essay contains the most famous description of why the decentralized and collaborative processes behind Linux and Open Source are so wildly successful.
[ bib ]
Warwick A Rothnie. Idea and expression in a digital world. Journal of Law and Information Science, 9(1), 1998. Key: Rothnie1998
Annotation: All I have of this work is the abstract that reads: ``This paper explores the dichotomy between `ideas' and `expression' in copyright law. Copyright has traditionally subsisted in the expression of ideas, not in the ideas themselves. Application of the idea/expression dichotomy has become increasingly difficult with the advent of digital technology, since the distinction between ideas and their expression is often difficult to identify. Through a discussion of the relevant case law, the author argues that the two concepts have, to an extent, converged. He concludes that while the idea/expression dichotomy still exists in the digital environment, it may not provide solutions to all the problems that may arise from treating computer programs as copyright subject matter.''
[ bib ]
Jr. Roy T. Englert. Eldred v. ashcroft: Brief of amici curiae in support of petitioners, 2002. United States Supreme Court. No. 01-618. Key: Englert2002
Annotation: Available: http://eon.law.harvard.edu/openlaw/eldredvashcroft/supct/amici/economists.pdf and locally. This is written for 17 economists listed on the front page.
[ bib ]
Jack Russo and Jamie Nafziger. Software ``look and feel'' protection in the 1990's. Published Electronically at http://www.computerlaw.com/lookfeel.html, 1993. Accessed 31 March 2003. Key: Russo1993
Annotation: While the article is a bit old and very pro look and feel copyright, it provides a good background on the case history, both for and against, copyright on software look and feel and is an extremely useful resource in this regard.
[ bib ]
Ronald Schleifer. Analogical Thinking: Post-Enlightenment Understanding in Language, Collaboration and Interpretation. The University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, MI, 2000. Key: Schleifer2000
Annotation: Shleifer makes analogy this model for an interesting definition of collaboration that, unfortunately, I didn't find particularly relevant to my discussion about control. It provides an interesting model that may be worth exploring in more detail in another place. It embraces a model of socio-historical analysis and post-modern thought.
[ bib ]
Henrietta Nickles Shirk. Collaborative editing: A combination of peer and hierarchical editing techniques. In Harry M. Lay and William M. Karis, editors, Collaborative Writing in Industry: Investigation in Theory and Practice, pages 242-261. Baywood, Amityville, NY, 1991. Key: Shirk1991
Annotation: The article investigates the ideas of peer versus hierarchical editing. The analysis is interesting and the methodology solid. In drawing conclusions, Shirk analysis is wishy-washy and makes some conclusions that says both are good but we don't want to play favorites.
[ bib ]
Candace Spigelman. Across Property Lines: Textual Ownership in Writing Groups. Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale, IL, 2000. Key: Spigelman2000
Annotation: Spigelman looks at writing groups, people not coauthoring texts but engaging in peer review. Her case studies are a group of creative writers and a group of students. She uses the metaphor of ownership and intellectual property to make claims about the way that authorship troubles, and even can help collaborative writing.
[ bib ]
Cara Spring-Gardner. In search of xanadu. The Message, 8:14-15, October 1994. Key: SpringGardner1994
[ bib ]
Richard M. Stallman. Free Software Free Society. GNU Press, Boston, MA, 1st edition, 2002. Key: Stallman2002
Annotation: Contains most of RMS's major essays on free software philosophy, history and applications to other areas. It's a good reference for introducing the free software model. It also contains ``The Right to Read'' which is a great story by RMS that ties uses the metaphor of reading to describe proprietary code.
[ bib ]
Donald C. Stewart. Collaborative learning and composition: Boon or bane? Rhetoric Review, 7:58-83, 1988. Key: Stewart1988
Annotation: Stewart describes collaborative learning as a path to ``totalitarian societies in which the individual is completely subjected to and subjugated by the will of the group.'' He dislikes social constructivism, he seems to dislike social scientists, and he associates the term collaboration with World War II collaborators. He feels that collaborative writing is impossible for introverts.
[ bib ]
Jack Stillinger. Multiple Authorship and the Myth of Solitary Genius. Oxford University Press, New York, 1991. Key: Stillinger1991
Annotation: Leonard says, ``proposes that the acknowledgment of multiple authorship tends to result in devaluation of a literary work.''
[ bib ]
Hermann L. Strack. Introduction to the Talmud and Midrash. Atheneum, New York, NY. Key: Strack1972
[ bib ]
William L. Stull and Maureen P. Carroll, editors. Remembering Ray: A Composite Biography of Raymond Carver. Capra Press, Santa Barbara, CA, 1993. Key: Stull1993
[ bib ]
Office of Technology Assessment. Copyright and Home Copying: Technology Challenges the Law. Congress of the United States, Office of Technology Assessment, 1989. Key: OTA1989
Annotation: The book prepared by the OTA seems highly biased in favor of the RIAA and MPAA which consulted on the writing of the document but also talks a lot about the Sony Supreme Court case and the way that copyright holders can be overly hesitant in regards to new technologies.
[ bib ]
Denis Thomas. Copyright and the Creative Artist. Institute of Economic Affairs, LTD, London, UK, 1967. Key: Thomas1967
Annotation: The monograph is highly geared toward music and is slightly less useful than it might otherwise be. Has a section on economic effects and creativity with several subsections on the pressures on copyright term limits which should do a good job of summing up some of the issues in terms of the limit the terms of copyright.
[ bib ]
Atlanta Division United State District Court for the Northern District of Georgia. Estate of martin luther king, jr., inc. v. cbs, inc., July 22 1998. 13 F. Supp. 2d 1347. Key: USDC1998
Annotation: This is the original case where MLK's estate has sued CBS for copyright infringement for publishing most of the famous ``I have a dream'' speach. In this opinion, the court decides on a technicality in regards to pre 1976 copyright law that because MLK had not put a copyright symbol on the speech, the speech has fallen into the public domain.
[ bib ]
Atlanta Division United State District Court for the Northern District of Georgia. Estate of martin luther king, jr., inc. v. cbs, inc., February 15 2002. 184 F. Supp. 2d 1353. Key: USDC2002
Annotation: Continuing Martin Luther King v. CBS saga. In this case, the argument is about whether to keep testimony from the first case sealed.
[ bib ]
Siva Vaidhyanathan. Copyrights and Copywrongs: The Rise of Intellectual Property and How it Threatens Creativity. New York University Press, New York, NY, 2001. Key: Vaidhyanathan2001
Annotation: Vaidhyanathan argues for ``thin'' rather than ``thick'' copyright protection. He tries to argue this by saying copyright should be ``policy'' and not ``property'' and by tracing the history of copyright law during the 20th century.
[ bib ]
Siva Vaidhyanathan and Jonathan Zittrain. Copyright and culture. MIT Communication Forum Panel Discussion. 6 November 2002. Bartos Theater, MIT Media Lab, 20 Ames Street, 2002. Key: MIT2002
Annotation: Vaidhyanathan's comments are mostly background on copyright and some of its effects. Zittrain presents a very entertaining and well documented argument where he implies many of the arguments in his ``Calling off the copyright war'' argument and presents what he calls a gap between `Title 17 and Reality complete with graphs and all.
[ bib ]
Jeffrey W. Vail. The Literary Relationship of Lord Byron and Thomas Moore. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD, 2001. Key: Vail2001
[ bib ]
Fabio Vitali and David G. Durand. Using versioning to support collaboration on the www. In Fourth World Wide Web Conference, 1995. Electronic publication at http://www.w3.org/pub/Conferences/WWW4/Papers/190/. Key: Vitali1995
[ bib ]
Virginia Watson-Rouslin and Jean M.Peck. Double time. Writer's Digest, 65(3):32, 34, 36, March 1985. Key: Watson1985
[ bib ]
James R. Weber. The construction of multi-authored texts in one laboratory setting. In Harry M. Lay and William M. Karis, editors, Collaborative Writing in Industry: Investigation in Theory and Practice, pages 49-64. Baywood, Amityville, NY, 1991. Key: Weber1991
[ bib ]
Timothy Weiss. Bruffee, the bakhtin circle and the concept of collaboration. In Harry M. Lay and William M. Karis, editors, Collaborative Writing in Industry: Investigation in Theory and Practice, pages 31-48. Baywood, Amityville, NY, 1991. Key: Weiss1991
Annotation: Weiss reads Bruffee's ideas of collaboration in the context of this idea of knowledge forwarded by Bakhtin and thinkers around him. The section on communication as collaboration is interesting because the Bakhtin circle defines communication as the collaborative construction of ideas.
[ bib ]
Harvey S. Wiener. Collaborative learning in the classroom: A guide to evaluation. College English, 48(1):52-61, 1986. Key: Wiener1986
[ bib ]
Martha Woodmansee. The genius and the copyright: Economic and legal conditions of the emergence of the author. Eighteenth Century Studies, 17(4):425-448, 1984. Key: Woodmansee1984
[ bib ]
Martha Woodmansee. On the author effect: Recovering collectivity. In Martha Woodmansee and Peter Jaszi, editors, The Construction of Authorship: Textual Appropriation in Law and Literature, pages 15-28. Duke University Press, 1994. Key: Woodmansee1994a
[ bib ]
Martha Woodmansee and Peter Jaszi, editors. The Construction of Authorship: Textual Appropriation in Law and Literature. Duke University Press, Durham, NC, 1994. Key: Woodmansee1994
[ bib ]
Paul M. Zall, editor. Literary Criticism of William Wordsworth, chapter Essay, Supplementary to the Preface. University of Nebraska Press, 1966. Key: Zall1966
Annotation: Quoted in Woodmansee1984 with a great block quote. I imagine that that is all that I'll use from it.
[ bib ]
Jonathan Zittrain. Calling off the copyright war: In battle of property vs. free speech, no one wins. Boston Globe, November 2002. 22. Key: Zittrain2002
[ bib ]