BIB-CollabLit.bib


@BOOK{Alford1995,
  AUTHOR = {William P. Alford},
  TITLE = {To Steal a Book Is an Elegant Offense},
  PUBLISHER = {Stanford University Press},
  YEAR = {1995},
  ADDRESS = {Stanford, CA},
  ANNOTE = {The book discusses the idea of intellectually
                  property, or the lack thereof, in Chinese literature
                  before the twentieth century. It argues that there
                  is an attitude toward literature that is based in
                  sharing and working together that is fundamentally
                  opposed to ideas of textual ownership and so
                  codified version of this idea in intellectual
                  property were out of context in Chinese culture.}
}


@BOOK{Berg1978,
  AUTHOR = {A. Scott Berg},
  TITLE = {Max Perkins: Editor of Genius},
  PUBLISHER = {E. P. Dutton},
  YEAR = {1978},
  ADDRESS = {New York, NY},
  ANNOTE = {Perkins, who edited a number of authors including
                  Fitzgerald, Hemingway and Thomas Wolfe, is an
                  interesting example of editing and the editor as a
                  collaborator. Unfortunately, Berg spends only a
                  minimal amount of time on this and I didn't find the
                  book of particular use for my paper and scrapped the
                  discussion of Perkins altogether. }
}


@BOOK{Cox1998,
  AUTHOR = {Jeffrey N. Cox},
  TITLE = {Poetry and Politics in the Cockney School},
  PUBLISHER = {Cambridge University Press},
  YEAR = {1998},
  ADDRESS = {Cambridge, United Kingdom},
  OPTANNOTE = {}
}


@BOOK{Daiches1941,
  AUTHOR = {David Daiches},
  TITLE = {The King James Version of the Bible: An Account of
                  the Development and Sources of the English Bible of
                  1611 with Special Reference to the Hebrew Tradition},
  PUBLISHER = {University of Chicago Press},
  YEAR = {1941},
  ADDRESS = {Chicago, IL},
  ANNOTE = {Daiches provides an in-depth look at the history of
                  the translation of the King James Bible. The end of
                  the first chapter gives an overview of the
                  collaborative process and the beginning of the
                  fourth chapter describes the rules which the
                  translation coalition operated under in great
                  detail.}
}


@ARTICLE{Daiute1986,
  AUTHOR = {Collette Daiute},
  TITLE = {Do 1 and 1 Make 2?},
  JOURNAL = {Written Communication},
  YEAR = {1986},
  PAGES = {382-408},
  ANNOTE = {Study of fourth and fifth grade students using word
                  processors working together and as groups. The
                  technological aspect is rather incidental except for
                  a few comments but she finds that the kids working
                  together, in almost all cases, causes the kids to
                  learn more about writing and to write better work
                  than when they work together. It's an example of
                  empirical evidence supporting collaboration.}
}


@BOOK{Eliot1971,
  AUTHOR = {T. S. Eliot},
  EDITOR = {Valerie Eliot},
  TITLE = {The Waste Land: A Facsimile and Transcript of the
                  Original Drafts Including the Annotations of Ezra
                  Pound},
  PUBLISHER = {Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc.},
  YEAR = {1971},
  ADDRESS = {New York, NY},
  ANNOTE = {In these Facsimile's the extensive editing of Ezra
                  Pound is clearly evident. In some spaces, entire
                  pages are crossed out and other parts are rewritten
                  wholesale. It's an excellent primary source of the
                  nature and the extensive nature of collaboration on
                  modern literary works.}
}


@BOOK{Evans1984,
  AUTHOR = {G. R. Evans},
  TITLE = {The Language and Logic of the Bible: The Earlier
                  Middle Ages},
  PUBLISHER = {Cambridge University Press},
  YEAR = {1984},
  ADDRESS = {Cambridge, United Kingdom},
  ANNOTE = {Along with other topics, the book details the
                  process of medieval annotations which are a unique and
                  amazing collaborative enterprise.}
}


@ARTICLE{Felder1983,
  AUTHOR = {Leonard Felder},
  TITLE = {Successful Collaboration: When Two Pens are Better
                  Than One},
  JOURNAL = {Writer},
  YEAR = {1983},
  VOLUME = {96},
  PAGES = {20-22},
  MONTH = {December},
  OPTANNOTE = {}
}


@BOOK{Gaebelien1924,
  AUTHOR = {Frank E. Gaebelein},
  TITLE = {Down through the Ages: The Story of the King James
                  Bible},
  PUBLISHER = {The Macmillan Company},
  ANNOTE = {Gaebelein's history begins with the origins of the
                  Bible, touches on the major English translations,
                  and ends with a discussion of the KJV. He is highly
                  religious and mentions but avoids conceding points
                  that he feels challenge the validity of the
                  Bible. His description of the collaborative
                  processes in the creation of the KJV is superficial
                  and quick but a good summation. His praise and
                  description of the quality of the KJV Bible is
                  unlikely to be paralleled.}
}


@INCOLLECTION{Laumer1977,
  AUTHOR = {Keith Laumer},
  EDITOR = {Damon Knight},
  TITLE = {How to Collaboration without Getting Your Head
                  Shaved},
  BOOKTITLE = {Turning Points: Essays on the Art of Science
                  Fiction},
  PAGES = {215-217},
  PUBLISHER = {Harper},
  YEAR = {1977},
  ADDRESS = {New York},
  OPTANNOTE = {}
}


@BOOK{Leonard1994,
  EDITOR = {James S. Leonard and Christine E. Warton and Robert
                  Murray David and Jeanette Harris},
  TITLE = {Author-ity and Textuality: Current Views of
                  Collaborative Writing},
  PUBLISHER = {Locust Hill Press},
  YEAR = {1994},
  ADDRESS = {West Cornwall, CT},
  OPTANNOTE = {}
}


@ARTICLE{Levine1985,
  AUTHOR = {Mark L. Levine},
  TITLE = {Double Trouble},
  JOURNAL = {Writer's Digest},
  YEAR = {1985},
  VOLUME = {65},
  NUMBER = {3},
  PAGES = {34-35},
  MONTH = {March},
  ANNOTE = {Leonard describes the article as ``Advice from a
                  lawyer about legal pitfalls of collaboration, and, a
                  sample ``Memorandum of Understanding.''''}
}


@BOOK{Lindsay1921,
  AUTHOR = {W. M. Lindsay and H. J. Thomson},
  TITLE = {Ancient Lore in Medieval Latin Glossaries},
  PUBLISHER = {Oxford University Press},
  YEAR = {1921},
  ADDRESS = {London, England},
  OPTANNOTE = {}
}


@ARTICLE{Max1998,
  AUTHOR = {D. T. Max},
  TITLE = {The Carver Chronicles},
  JOURNAL = {The New Yorker Magazine},
  YEAR = {1998},
  PAGES = {35-40, 51, 56-67},
  MONTH = {August},
  DAY = {9},
  ANNOTE = {This article describe the role of the author Gordon
                  Lish in the creation of Raymond Carter's short
                  stories which sat at the heart of the American
                  literary scene in the 1980's. The story mirrors the
                  relationship between Pound and Eliot but has some
                  more interesting questions of ownership and
                  copyright since it was more hidden and took place
                  during the 80's.}
}


@ARTICLE{Muller1985,
  AUTHOR = {Marcia Muller and Bill Prozini},
  TITLE = {Should You Collaborate?},
  JOURNAL = {Writer},
  YEAR = {1985},
  VOLUME = {98},
  NUMBER = {3},
  PAGES = {7-10, 45},
  OPTANNOTE = {}
}


@BOOK{Nesset1995,
  AUTHOR = {Kirk Nesset},
  TITLE = {The Stories of Raymond Carver: A Critical Study},
  PUBLISHER = {Ohio University Press},
  YEAR = {1995},
  ADDRESS = {Athens, OH},
  OPTANNOTE = {}
}


@BOOK{Neusner1973,
  AUTHOR = {Jacob Neusner},
  TITLE = {Invitation to the Talmud},
  PUBLISHER = {Harper and Row Publishers},
  YEAR = {1973},
  ADDRESS = {New York, NY},
  OPTANNOTE = {}
}


@BOOK{Stillinger1991,
  AUTHOR = {Jack Stillinger},
  TITLE = {Multiple Authorship and the Myth of Solitary Genius},
  PUBLISHER = {Oxford University Press},
  YEAR = {1991},
  ADDRESS = {New York},
  ANNOTE = {Leonard says, ``proposes that the acknowledgment of
                  multiple authorship tends to result in devaluation
                  of a literary work.''}
}


@BOOK{Strack1972,
  AUTHOR = {Hermann L. Strack},
  TITLE = {Introduction to the Talmud and Midrash},
  PUBLISHER = {Atheneum},
  ADDRESS = {New York, NY},
  OPTANNOTE = {}
}


@BOOK{Stull1993,
  EDITOR = {William L. Stull and Maureen P. Carroll},
  TITLE = {Remembering Ray: A Composite Biography of Raymond
                  Carver},
  PUBLISHER = {Capra Press},
  YEAR = {1993},
  ADDRESS = {Santa Barbara, CA},
  OPTANNOTE = {}
}


@BOOK{Vail2001,
  AUTHOR = {Jeffrey W. Vail},
  TITLE = {The Literary Relationship of Lord Byron and Thomas Moore},
  PUBLISHER = {Johns Hopkins University Press},
  YEAR = {2001},
  ADDRESS = {Baltimore, MD},
  OPTANNOTE = {}
}


@ARTICLE{Watson1985,
  AUTHOR = {Virginia Watson-Rouslin and Jean M.Peck},
  TITLE = {Double Time},
  JOURNAL = {Writer's Digest},
  YEAR = {1985},
  VOLUME = {65},
  NUMBER = {3},
  PAGES = {32, 34, 36},
  MONTH = {March},
  OPTANNOTE = {}
}


@INBOOK{Zall1966,
  EDITOR = {Paul M. Zall},
  TITLE = {Literary Criticism of William Wordsworth},
  CHAPTER = {Essay, Supplementary to the Preface},
  PUBLISHER = {University of Nebraska Press},
  YEAR = {1966},
  ANNOTE = {Quoted in Woodmansee1984 with a great block quote. I
                  imagine that that is all that I'll use from it.}
}


@ARTICLE{Woodmansee1984,
  AUTHOR = {Martha Woodmansee},
  TITLE = {The Genius and the Copyright: Economic and Legal
                  Conditions of the Emergence of the Author},
  JOURNAL = {Eighteenth Century Studies},
  YEAR = {1984},
  VOLUME = {17},
  NUMBER = {4},
  PAGES = {425-448},
  OPTANNOTE = {}
}


@BOOK{Woodmansee1994,
  EDITOR = {Martha Woodmansee and Peter Jaszi},
  TITLE = {The Construction of Authorship: Textual
                  Appropriation in Law and Literature},
  PUBLISHER = {Duke University Press},
  YEAR = {1994},
  ADDRESS = {Durham, NC},
  OPTANNOTE = {}
}


@INCOLLECTION{Jaszi1994,
  AUTHOR = {Peter Jaszi},
  EDITOR = {Martha Woodmansee and Peter Jaszi},
  TITLE = {On the Author Effect: Recovering Collectivity},
  BOOKTITLE = {The Construction of Authorship: Textual
                  Appropriation in Law and Literature},
  PUBLISHER = {Duke University Press},
  YEAR = {1994},
  PAGES = {29-56},
  OPTANNOTE = {}
}


@BOOK{Vaidhyanathan2001,
  AUTHOR = {Siva Vaidhyanathan},
  TITLE = {Copyrights and Copywrongs: The Rise of Intellectual
                  Property and How it Threatens Creativity},
  PUBLISHER = {New York University Press},
  YEAR = {2001},
  ADDRESS = {New York, NY},
  ANNOTE = {Vaidhyanathan argues for ``thin'' rather than
                  ``thick'' copyright protection. He tries to argue
                  this by saying copyright should be ``policy'' and
                  not ``property'' and by tracing the history of
                  copyright law during the 20th century.}
}


@INCOLLECTION{Woodmansee1994a,
  AUTHOR = {Martha Woodmansee},
  EDITOR = {Martha Woodmansee and Peter Jaszi},
  TITLE = {On the Author Effect: Recovering Collectivity},
  BOOKTITLE = {The Construction of Authorship: Textual
                  Appropriation in Law and Literature},
  PUBLISHER = {Duke University Press},
  YEAR = {1994},
  PAGES = {15-28},
  OPTANNOTE = {}
}


@BOOK{Lay1991,
  EDITOR = {Harry M. Lay and William M. Karis},
  TITLE = {Collaborative Writing in Industry: Investigation in
                  Theory and Practice},
  PUBLISHER = {Baywood},
  YEAR = {1991},
  ADDRESS = {Amityville, NY},
  ANNOTE = {Leonard: This collection of essays is divided into
                  four sections. The first addresses theoretical
                  concerns; the second provides case-study
                  applications; the third explores th connections
                  between collaborative writing practices and
                  telecommunications and computer-assisted learning;
                  the final section is titled ``Current Industrial
                  Concerns: Gathering, Verifying, and Editing
                  Information.''}
}


@INCOLLECTION{Farkas1991,
  AUTHOR = {David K. Farkas},
  EDITOR = {Harry M. Lay and William M. Karis},
  TITLE = {Collaborative Writing, Software Development, and the
                  Universe of Collaborative Activity},
  BOOKTITLE = {Collaborative Writing in Industry: Investigation in
                  Theory and Practice},
  PUBLISHER = {Baywood},
  YEAR = {1991},
  PAGES = {13-30},
  ADDRESS = {Amityville, NY},
  ANNOTE = {Farkas lays out a definition of collaboration and a
                  description of why collaboration is difficult. While
                  I disagree with what he does with it, his
                  definition and analysis is important and
                  unusual. He divides collaboration into productive
                  and unproductive and problematic and
                  unproblematic. He continues by looking at literary
                  collaboration in the context of collaboration on
                  software development.}
}


@INCOLLECTION{Weiss1991,
  AUTHOR = {Timothy Weiss},
  EDITOR = {Harry M. Lay and William M. Karis},
  TITLE = {Bruffee, the Bakhtin Circle and the Concept of
                  Collaboration},
  BOOKTITLE = {Collaborative Writing in Industry: Investigation in
                  Theory and Practice},
  PUBLISHER = {Baywood},
  YEAR = {1991},
  PAGES = {31-48},
  ADDRESS = {Amityville, NY},
  ANNOTE = {Weiss reads Bruffee's ideas of collaboration in the
                  context of this idea of knowledge forwarded by
                  Bakhtin and thinkers around him. The section on
                  communication as collaboration is interesting
                  because the Bakhtin circle defines communication as
                  the collaborative construction of ideas.}
}


@INCOLLECTION{Weber1991,
  AUTHOR = {James R. Weber},
  EDITOR = {Harry M. Lay and William M. Karis},
  TITLE = {The Construction of Multi-Authored Texts in One
                  Laboratory Setting},
  BOOKTITLE = {Collaborative Writing in Industry: Investigation in
                  Theory and Practice},
  PUBLISHER = {Baywood},
  YEAR = {1991},
  PAGES = {49-64},
  ADDRESS = {Amityville, NY},
  OPTANNOTE = {}
}


@INCOLLECTION{Couture1991,
  AUTHOR = {Barbara Couture and Jone Rymer},
  EDITOR = {Harry M. Lay and William M. Karis},
  TITLE = {Discourse Interaction between Writer and Supervisor:
                  A Primary Collaboration in Workplace Writing},
  BOOKTITLE = {Collaborative Writing in Industry: Investigation in
                  Theory and Practice},
  PUBLISHER = {Baywood},
  YEAR = {1991},
  PAGES = {87-108},
  ADDRESS = {Amityville, NY},
  OPTANNOTE = {}
}


@INCOLLECTION{Malone1991,
  AUTHOR = {Elizabeth L. Malone},
  EDITOR = {Harry M. Lay and William M. Karis},
  TITLE = {Facilitating Groups through Selective Participation:
                  An Example of Collaboration from NASA},
  BOOKTITLE = {Collaborative Writing in Industry: Investigation in
                  Theory and Practice},
  PUBLISHER = {Baywood},
  YEAR = {1991},
  PAGES = {109-119},
  ADDRESS = {Amityville, NY},
  ANNOTE = {Malone argues that looking at groups academically if
                  flawed because it doesn't look at groups as dynamic
                  coalitions that can change over time and then
                  provides and example to the contrary.}
}


@INCOLLECTION{Duin1991,
  AUTHOR = {Ann Hill Duin and Linda A. Jorn and Mark S. DeBower},
  EDITOR = {Harry M. Lay and William M. Karis},
  TITLE = {Collaborative Writing--Courseware and
                  Telecommunications},
  BOOKTITLE = {Collaborative Writing in Industry: Investigation in
                  Theory and Practice},
  PUBLISHER = {Baywood},
  YEAR = {1991},
  PAGES = {146-169},
  ADDRESS = {Amityville, NY},
  ANNOTE = {These authors emphasize the role of communication in
                  collaboration and the creation of lots and lots of
                  smaller document that lead into larger documents.}
}


@INCOLLECTION{Pelt1991,
  AUTHOR = {William Van Pelt and Alice Gillam},
  EDITOR = {Harry M. Lay and William M. Karis},
  TITLE = {Peer Collaboration and the Computer-Assisted
                  Classroom: Bridging the Gap between Academics and
                  the Workplace},
  BOOKTITLE = {Collaborative Writing in Industry: Investigation in
                  Theory and Practice},
  PUBLISHER = {Baywood},
  YEAR = {1991},
  PAGES = {170-205},
  ADDRESS = {Amityville, NY},
  OPTANNOTE = {}
}


@INCOLLECTION{Shirk1991,
  AUTHOR = {Henrietta Nickles Shirk},
  EDITOR = {Harry M. Lay and William M. Karis},
  TITLE = {Collaborative Editing: A Combination of Peer and
                  Hierarchical Editing Techniques},
  BOOKTITLE = {Collaborative Writing in Industry: Investigation in
                  Theory and Practice},
  PUBLISHER = {Baywood},
  YEAR = {1991},
  PAGES = {242-261},
  ADDRESS = {Amityville, NY},
  ANNOTE = {The article investigates the ideas of peer versus
                  hierarchical editing. The analysis is interesting
                  and the methodology solid. In drawing conclusions,
                  Shirk analysis is wishy-washy and makes some
                  conclusions that says both are good but we don't
                  want to play favorites.}
}


@ARTICLE{Wiener1986,
  AUTHOR = {Harvey S. Wiener},
  TITLE = {Collaborative Learning in the Classroom: A Guide to
                  Evaluation},
  JOURNAL = {College English},
  YEAR = {1986},
  VOLUME = {48},
  NUMBER = {1},
  PAGES = {52-61},
  OPTANNOTE = {downloaded but unread - all about Consensus based
                  decision making}
}


@BOOK{Collins1964,
  AUTHOR = {Barry E. Collins and Harold Guetzkow},
  TITLE = {A social psychology of group processes for
                  decision-making},
  PUBLISHER = {Wiley},
  YEAR = {1964},
  ADDRESS = {New York, NY},
  ANNOTE = {The authors introduce a concept of the
                  ``assemblage'' affect which states that a group's
                  final product superior is superior to that of even
                  the best member's individual efforts. Cited in the
                  introduction to Collaborative Writing in Industry
                  (Lay1991).}
}


@ARTICLE{Ede1985,
  AUTHOR = {Lisa Ede and Andrea Lunsford},
  TITLE = {Research in Collaborative Writing},
  JOURNAL = {Technical Communication},
  YEAR = {1985},
  VOLUME = {32},
  NUMBER = {4},
  PAGES = {69-70},
  ANNOTE = {This is a survey of six major professions. The
                  authors find that 87 percent of respondents wrote
                  collaboratively at least ``sometimes.''}
}


@ARTICLE{Ede1986,
  AUTHOR = {Lisa Ede and Andrea Lunsford},
  TITLE = {Why Write ... Together: A Research Update},
  JOURNAL = {Rhetoric Review},
  YEAR = {1986},
  VOLUME = {5},
  NUMBER = {1},
  PAGES = {71-81},
  ANNOTE = {The authors describe seven variables in
                  collaborative writing groups which success and
                  satisfaction will depend on: control, credit,
                  modifications, procedures for dispute resolution,
                  flexibility with pre-established formats, deadlines
                  and other constraints, and these status of the project
                  within the organization.}
}


@ARTICLE{Ede1986a,
  AUTHOR = {Lisa Ede and Andrea Lunsford},
  TITLE = {Collaborative Learning: Lessons from the World of Work},
  JOURNAL = {Writing Programs Administrator},
  YEAR = {1986},
  VOLUME = {9},
  NUMBER = {3},
  PAGES = {11-26},
  OPTANNOTE = {}
}


@UNPUBLISHED{Dix1992,
  AUTHOR = {Alan  J. Dix and Victoria C. Miles},
  TITLE = {Version control for asynchronous group work},
  NOTE = {YCS 181, Department of Computer Science, University
                  of York, (Poster presentation HCI'92: People and
                  Computers VII)},
  YEAR = {1992},
  OPTANNOTE = {}
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{Dix1997,
  AUTHOR = {Alan Dix and Roberta Mancini and Stefano Levialdi},
  TITLE = {Communication, Action and History},
  BOOKTITLE = {Proceedings of CHI'97},
  ADDRESS = {Atlanta, GA},
  ORGANIZATION = {ACM},
  PUBLISHER = {ACM Press},
  OPTANNOTE = {}
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{Kirby1997,
  AUTHOR = {Andy Kirby and Paul Rayson and Tom Rodden and Ian
                  Sommerville and Alan Dix},
  TITLE = {Versioning the Web},
  BOOKTITLE = {7th International Workshop on Software Configuration
                  Management},
  PAGES = {163-173},
  YEAR = {1997},
  EDITOR = {R. Conradi},
  ADDRESS = {Boston, MA},
  OPTANNOTE = {}
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{Dix1997a,
  AUTHOR = {Alan Dix and Tom Rodden and Ian Sommerville},
  TITLE = {Modeling Versions in Collaborative Work},
  BOOKTITLE = {IEE Proceedings in Software Engineering},
  YEAR = {1997},
  OPTANNOTE = {}
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{Vitali1995,
  AUTHOR = {Fabio Vitali and David G. Durand},
  TITLE = {Using versioning to support collaboration on the
                  WWW},
  BOOKTITLE = {Fourth World Wide Web Conference},
  YEAR = {1995},
  NOTE = {Electronic publication at
                  \url{http://www.w3.org/pub/Conferences/WWW4/Papers/190/}},
  OPTANNOTE = {}
}


@MISC{Wiki2003,
  TITLE = {Wiki},
  HOWPUBLISHED = {Published Electronically at
                  \url{http://c2.com/cgi/wiki}},
  MONTH = {March},
  YEAR = {2003},
  OPTANNOTE = {}
}


@MISC{BernersLee1989,
  AUTHOR = {Tim Berners-Lee},
  TITLE = {Information Management: A Proposal},
  HOWPUBLISHED = {Published Electronically at:
                  \url{http://www.w3.org/History/1989/proposal.html}},
  YEAR = {1989},
  ANNOTE = {The original document laying out the plan for the
                  World Wide Web, before it was even called that. File
                  store locally.}
}


@MISC{Ditlea1997,
  AUTHOR = {Steve Ditlea},
  TITLE = {Xanadu's Creator at 60: Still Visionary, Still
                  Cantankerous},
  NOTE = {New York Times, June 21, 1997},
  ANNOTE = {Article written after an interview with Ted Nelson
                  in 1997 with some good quotes and a description of
                  his history. File stored locally.}
}


@ARTICLE{Callister1995,
  AUTHOR = {Lee Callister},
  TITLE = {ZigZag and Xanadu: A Chat with Ted Nelson},
  JOURNAL = {Digiville NuMedia Gazette},
  YEAR = {1995},
  OPTANNOTE = {downloaded}
}


@ARTICLE{SpringGardner1994,
  AUTHOR = {Cara Spring-Gardner},
  TITLE = {In Search of Xanadu},
  JOURNAL = {The Message},
  YEAR = {1994},
  VOLUME = {8},
  PAGES = {14-15},
  MONTH = {October},
  OPTANNOTE = {downloaded}
}


@MISC{Xanadu2001,
  TITLE = {Project Xanadu® History (lo-res)},
  HOWPUBLISHED = {Published Electronically at:
                  \url{http://xanadu.com/HISTORY/}},
  MONTH = {May},
  YEAR = {2001},
  NOTE = {Accessed March 20, 2003},
  OPTANNOTE = {}
}


@ARTICLE{Bush1945,
  AUTHOR = {Vannevar Bush},
  TITLE = {As We May Think},
  JOURNAL = {The Atlantic Monthly},
  YEAR = {1945},
  PAGES = {106-107},
  MONTH = {July},
  ANNOTE = {This is the article from 1945 that is credited with
                  being the first introduction of the concept of
                  hypertext. File stored locally.}
}


@BOOK{Nelson1981,
  AUTHOR = {Theodor Holmes Nelson},
  TITLE = {Literary Machines},
  PUBLISHER = {Self Published},
  YEAR = {1981},
  ADDRESS = {Swarthmore, PA},
  EDITION = {3rd},
  ANNOTE = {This is an amazing book and an amazing resource. It
                  details Xanadu, Ted Nelson's hypertext system but
                  introduces all the concepts that he feels are
                  necessary to understanding it. This includes his
                  philosophy on literature, creativity, version
                  control and other type of control. His attitudes
                  toward legal control and copyright seems strange and
                  rather controlling but the end result might be
                  interesting. His work is visionary and
                  incalculably useful in any technical or
                  philosophical discussion of collaborative writing.}
}


@MISC{Udanax1999,
  TITLE = {Udanax Green Febe Protocol},
  NOTE = {Published electronically at
                  \url{http://www.udanax.com/green/febe/index.html}},
  ANNOTE = {This is the adaptation of the 1988 Xanadu Green
                  manual for the Web. It explain the interface between
                  the front-end and back-end within the software.}
}


@MISC{Lessig2002,
  AUTHOR = {Lawrence Lessig, et all},
  TITLE = {Eldred v. Ashcroft: Brief for the Petitioners},
  YEAR = {2002},
  NOTE = {Supreme Court of the United States. No. 01-618.},
  ANNOTE = {Brief field by the government in Eldred v. Ashcroft
                  in the Supreme Court challenge to the Sonny Bono
                  CTEA. It discusses all kinds of information on
                  collaboration, sharing, and the negative effect of
                  legal control on these processes and literature
                  more broadly. Available:
                  \url{http://eon.law.harvard.edu/openlaw/eldredvashcroft/supct/opening-brief.pdf}
                  and locally.}
}


@MISC{Balkin2002,
  AUTHOR = {Jack M. Balkin, et all},
  TITLE = {Eldred v. Ashcroft: Brief of Jack M. Balkin, Yochai
                  Benkler, Burt Neuborne, Robert Post, and Jed
                  Rubenfeld as Amici Curiae in Support of the
                  Petitioners},
  YEAR = {2002},
  NOTE = {Supreme Court of the United States. No. 01-618.},
  ANNOTE = {Available:
                  \url{http://eon.law.harvard.edu/openlaw/eldredvashcroft/supct/amici/conlawprofs.pdf}
                  and locally.}
}


@MISC{Moglen2002,
  AUTHOR = {Eben Moglen},
  TITLE = {Eldred v. Ashcroft: Brief Amicus Curiae of the Free
                  Software Foundation in Support of Petitioners},
  YEAR = {2002},
  NOTE = {Supreme Court of the United States. No. 01-618.},
  ANNOTE = {Available:
                  \url{http://eon.law.harvard.edu/openlaw/eldredvashcroft/supct/amici/fsf.pdf}
                  and locally.}
}


@MISC{Jaszi2002,
  AUTHOR = {Peter Jaszi},
  TITLE = {Eldred v. Ashcroft: Brief of Amici Curiae National Writers Union, et all},
  YEAR = {2002},
  NOTE = {Supreme Court of the United States. No. 01-618.},
  ANNOTE = {Available:
                  \url{}
                  and locally.}
}


@MISC{Englert2002,
  AUTHOR = {Roy T. Englert, Jr.},
  TITLE = {Eldred v. Ashcroft: Brief of Amici Curiae in Support
                  of Petitioners},
  YEAR = {2002},
  NOTE = {United States Supreme Court. No. 01-618.},
  ANNOTE = {Available:
                  \url{http://eon.law.harvard.edu/openlaw/eldredvashcroft/supct/amici/economists.pdf}
                  and locally. This is written for 17 economists
                  listed on the front page.}
}


@MISC{Lutzker2002,
  AUTHOR = {Arnold P. Lutzker},
  TITLE = {Eldred v. Ashcroft: Brief of Amici Curiae in Support
                  of Petitioners},
  YEAR = {2002},
  NOTE = {United States Supreme Court. No. 01-618.},
  ANNOTE = {Lutzker writes on behalf of library association and
                  discusses in depth issues of preservation and the
                  fact that CTEA certainly will not aid in the
                  preservation of older and deteriorated copyrighted
                  works as the government and copyright holders were
                  arguing. Available:
                  \url{http://eon.law.harvard.edu/openlaw/eldredvashcroft/supct/amici/libraries.pdf}
                  and locally. This is written for the American
                  Library Association and fourteen other library
                  associations.}
}


@MISC{Eldred2003,
  TITLE = {Eldred v. Ashcroft: Legal Documents: Supreme Court},
  HOWPUBLISHED = {Published Electronically at:
                  \url{http://www.eldred.cc/legal/supremecourt.html}},
  YEAR = {2003},
  NOTE = {Accessed 22 April 2003},
  ANNOTE = {A list of all the documents filed in the Supreme
                  Court case for Eldred v. Ashcroft.}
}


@MISC{Morrill2002,
  AUTHOR = {Robert B. Morrill},
  TITLE = {Micrel, Inc. v. Linear Technology Corp.: Petition
                  for a Writ of Certiorari},
  HOWPUBLISHED = {Published Electronically at:
                  \url{http://www.goldsteinhowe.com/blog/files/Micrel\%20Reply\%20Final.pdf}},
  MONTH = {September 19},
  YEAR = {2002},
  NOTE = {Supreme Court of the United States. No. 02-39},
  ANNOTE = {Uses a citation from Websters 1913.}
}


@MISC{SCOTUS2003,
  AUTHOR = {Supreme Court of the United States},
  YEAR = {2003},
  NOTE = {537 U. S. Eldred v. Ashcroft (2003)},
  ANNOTE = {The text of the decision, written by Justice
                  Ginsberg. Of course, the petitions are defeated in a
                  7-2 vote. Dissents by Stevens and Breyer are well
                  written but not included in this file. Ginsburg
                  gives only three pages to the petitioners First
                  Amendment argument.}
}


@MISC{USCO2000,
  AUTHOR = {United States Copyright Office},
  TITLE = {Copyright Basics},
  HOWPUBLISHED = {Published Electronically at
                  \url{http://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ1.html}},
  MONTH = {September},
  YEAR = {2000},
  ANNOTE = {This is a good primer on copyright copyright basics
                  as the law stands. Its updated frequently enough to
                  stay current and is long and in depth enough to
                  cover a bit of the background, history, and more of
                  a FAQ sort of use as well.}
}


@MISC{Russo1993,
  AUTHOR = {Jack Russo and Jamie Nafziger},
  TITLE = {Software ``Look And Feel'' Protection in the 1990's},
  HOWPUBLISHED = {Published Electronically at
                  \url{http://www.computerlaw.com/lookfeel.html}},
  YEAR = {1993},
  NOTE = {Accessed 31 March 2003},
  ANNOTE = {While the article is a bit old and very pro look and
                  feel copyright, it provides a good background on the
                  case history, both for and against, copyright on
                  software look and feel and is an extremely useful
                  resource in this regard.}
}


@MISC{DigitalSpeech2003,
  AUTHOR = {Digital Speech Project},
  TITLE = {About the DMCA},
  HOWPUBLISHED = {Published Electronically at
                  \url{http://www.digitalspeech.org/dmca.shtml}},
  YEAR = {2003},
  NOTE = {Accessed 31 March 2003},
  ANNOTE = {This page includes a short description of the DMCA
                  and its effects and then a pieced called ``The DMCA
                  and You'' by Larry Garfield.}
}


@MISC{SCOTUS1879,
  AUTHOR = {Supreme Court of the United States},
  TITLE = {Baker v. Selden},
  YEAR = {1879},
  NOTE = {101 U.S. 99 (Mem)},
  OPTANNOTE = {}
}


@MISC{SCOTUS1903,
  AUTHOR = {Supreme Court of the United States},
  TITLE = {Bleinstein v. Donaldson Lithographing Company},
  MONTH = {February},
  YEAR = {1903},
  NOTE = {188 U.S. 239},
  ANNOTE = {In this case, the court decides on whether a series
                  of lithographs of circus posters are
                  copyrightable. It cuts to the center of this idea of
                  whether something that is functional can still be
                  original an creative and questions about what one
                  can copyright and what one can not.}
}


@MISC{SCOTUS1884,
  AUTHOR = {Supreme Court of the United States},
  TITLE = {Burrow-Giles Lithographic Company v. Sarony},
  MONTH = {March},
  YEAR = {1884},
  NOTE = {111 U.S. 53},
  ANNOTE = {In a case about a photograph of Oscar Wilde, the
                  case establishes the copyrightability of photography
                  and also talks a lot about the idea of authorship
                  and originality and places this conception of
                  authorship with the photographer (as opposed to an
                  actor).}
}


@MISC{SCOTUS1954,
  AUTHOR = {Supreme Court of the United States},
  TITLE = {Mazer v. Stein},
  MONTH = {March 8},
  YEAR = {1954},
  NOTE = {347 U.S. 201},
  ANNOTE = {The last paragraph has a great passage describing
                  copyright's foundation is the benefit of the public
                  and the people as opposed to the copyright holders
                  themselves.}
}


@MISC{SCOTUS1990,
  AUTHOR = {Supreme Court of the United States},
  TITLE = {Stewart et al. v. Abend, DBA Authors Research Co.},
  MONTH = {April 24},
  YEAR = {1990},
  NOTE = {495 U.S. 207},
  ANNOTE = {A rather complex case about an author who sold
                  rights during oner period of copyright and then
                  copyright was extended multiple times and it was
                  unclear who owned the work or what the film company
                  could do with their version of the work when their
                  ownership of the copyright had expired. It has a
                  great quote about the importance of limited times.}
}


@MISC{SCOTUS1985,
  AUTHOR = {Supreme Court of the United States},
  TITLE = {Harper & Row, Publishers, Inc., et al. v. Nation
                  Enterprises et al.},
  MONTH = {May 20},
  YEAR = {1985},
  NOTE = {471 U.S. 539},
  ANNOTE = {Former President Ford has contracted with a
                  publisher to publish his memoirs and then a chunk of
                  them were published without permission by the
                  Nation.}
}


@MISC{FedAppeals1986,
  AUTHOR = {United States Court of Appeals for the Third
                  Circuit},
  TITLE = {Whelan Associates, Inc. v. Jaslow Dental Laboratory,
                  Inc},
  MONTH = {August},
  YEAR = {1986},
  NOTE = {797 F.2d 1222},
  ANNOTE = {This was one of the first ``look and feel'' court
                  cases.}
}


@MISC{FedAppeals1994,
  AUTHOR = {United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth
                  Circuit},
  TITLE = {Apple Computer, Inc. v. Microsoft Corporation, Inc.},
  MONTH = {September},
  YEAR = {1994},
  NOTE = {35 F.3d 1435},
  ANNOTE = {A landmark look and feel argument. File stored
                  locally.}
}


@MISC{USDC1998,
  AUTHOR = {United State District Court for the Northern
                  District of Georgia, Atlanta Division},
  TITLE = {Estate Of Martin Luther King, Jr., Inc. v. CBS,
                  Inc.},
  MONTH = {July 22},
  YEAR = {1998},
  NOTE = {13 F. Supp. 2d 1347},
  ANNOTE = {This is the original case where MLK's estate has
                  sued CBS for copyright infringement for publishing
                  most of the famous ``I have a dream'' speach. In
                  this opinion, the court decides on a technicality in
                  regards to pre 1976 copyright law that because MLK
                  had not put a copyright symbol on the speech, the
                  speech has fallen into the public domain.}
}


@MISC{FedAppeals1999,
  AUTHOR = {United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh
                  Circuit},
  TITLE = {Estate Of Martin Luther King, Jr., Inc. v. CBS,
                  Inc.},
  MONTH = {November 5},
  YEAR = {1999},
  NOTE = {194 F.3d 1211},
  ANNOTE = {In this appeal of USDC1998, the court reverse the
                  opinion, taking Martin Luther King's speech out of
                  the public domain.}
}


@MISC{USDC2002,
  AUTHOR = {United State District Court for the Northern
                  District of Georgia, Atlanta Division},
  TITLE = {Estate Of Martin Luther King, Jr., Inc. v. CBS,
                  Inc.},
  MONTH = {February 15},
  YEAR = {2002},
  NOTE = {184 F. Supp. 2d 1353},
  ANNOTE = {Continuing Martin Luther King v. CBS saga. In this
                  case, the argument is about whether to keep
                  testimony from the first case sealed.}
}


@MISC{USDC1987,
  AUTHOR = {United States District Court for the Northern
                  District of California},
  TITLE = {Fantasy, Inc. v. Fogerty},
  MONTH = {July 8},
  YEAR = {1987},
  NOTE = {664 F. Supp. 1345},
  ANNOTE = {This is the case in which John Fogerty is sued by
                  his former record company for infringing the
                  copyright on a song that Fogerty wrote earlier in
                  his career.}
}


@MISC{FedAppeals1993,
  AUTHOR = {United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth
                  Circuit},
  TITLE = {Fantasy, Inc. v. Fogerty},
  MONTH = {February 2},
  YEAR = {1993},
  NOTE = {984 F.2d 1524},
  ANNOTE = {A continuation of the case above. This case focuses
                  mostly on attorney fees.}
}


@ARTICLE{Rothnie1998,
  AUTHOR = {Warwick A Rothnie},
  TITLE = {Idea and Expression in a Digital World},
  JOURNAL = {Journal of Law and Information Science},
  YEAR = {1998},
  VOLUME = {9},
  NUMBER = {1},
  ANNOTE = {All I have of this work is the abstract that reads:
                  ``This paper explores the dichotomy between `ideas'
                  and `expression' in copyright law. Copyright has
                  traditionally subsisted in the expression of ideas,
                  not in the ideas themselves. Application of the
                  idea/expression dichotomy has become increasingly
                  difficult with the advent of digital technology,
                  since the distinction between ideas and their
                  expression is often difficult to identify. Through a
                  discussion of the relevant case law, the author
                  argues that the two concepts have, to an extent,
                  converged. He concludes that while the
                  idea/expression dichotomy still exists in the
                  digital environment, it may not provide solutions to
                  all the problems that may arise from treating
                  computer programs as copyright subject matter.''}
}


@ARTICLE{Zittrain2002,
  AUTHOR = {Jonathan Zittrain},
  TITLE = {Calling Off the Copyright War: In battle of property
                  vs. free speech, no one wins},
  JOURNAL = {Boston Globe},
  YEAR = {2002},
  MONTH = {November},
  NOTE = {22},
  OPTANNOTE = {}
}


@UNPUBLISHED{MIT2002,
  AUTHOR = {Siva Vaidhyanathan and Jonathan Zittrain},
  TITLE = {Copyright and Culture},
  NOTE = {MIT Communication Forum Panel Discussion. 6 November
                  2002. Bartos Theater, MIT Media Lab, 20 Ames Street},
  YEAR = {2002},
  ANNOTE = {Vaidhyanathan's comments are mostly background on
                  copyright and some of its effects. Zittrain presents
                  a very entertaining and well documented argument
                  where he implies many of the arguments in his
                  ``Calling off the copyright war'' argument and
                  presents what he calls a gap between `Title 17 and
                  Reality complete with graphs and all.}
}


@ARTICLE{Bannon1996,
  AUTHOR = {Lisa Bannon},
  TITLE = {Lawsuit threat means silence around the campfire },
  JOURNAL = {Chicago Sun Times},
  YEAR = {1996},
  PAGES = {3},
  MONTH = {August},
  NOTE = {22},
  ANNOTE = {Shorter version of the WSJ article on the girl scout
                  threats by ASCAP.}
}


@ARTICLE{Bannon1996a,
  AUTHOR = {Lisa Bannon},
  TITLE = {The birds may sing, but campers can't unless they
                  pay up},
  JOURNAL = {The Wall Street Journal},
  YEAR = {1996},
  MONTH = {August},
  NOTE = {22. Reprinted in South-Coast Today.},
  ANNOTE = {The full version that was retrieved from South-Coast
                  Today's website at
                  \url{http://www.s-t.com/daily/08-96/08-23-96/b02li056.htm}.
                  This fantastic article describes the way that ASCAP
                  officials threated a number of camps including the
                  Girl Scouts of America an d how this goal blown out
                  of proportion. It's a perfect example of the way
                  that copyright law and the copyright holders are
                  simply not meshing with reality. I heard about the
                  story first in Zittrain talk mentioned in
                  Zittrain2002.}
}


@ARTICLE{HeraldSun2000,
  AUTHOR = {Herald Sun Melbourne},
  TITLE = {DVD Copy Case},
  JOURNAL = {Herald Sun Melbourne},
  YEAR = {2000},
  NOTE = {22 January},
  ANNOTE = {This is the first mention in a major American paper
                  that I found of Jon Johansen getting arrested.}
}


@ARTICLE{Harvey2000,
  AUTHOR = {Ian Harvey},
  TITLE = {Netizens Rally Behind Teen Hacker},
  JOURNAL = {Toronto Sun},
  YEAR = {2000},
  PAGES = {7},
  NOTE = {28 January. Business Section},
  ANNOTE = {This is a longer article on Johansen getting
                  arrested that describes some of the campaigns to
                  have him freed.}
}


@ARTICLE{Lee2001,
  AUTHOR = {Jennifer Lee},
  TITLE = {U.S. Arrests Russian Cryptographer as Copyright
                  Violator},
  JOURNAL = {New York Times},
  YEAR = {2001},
  PAGES = {},
  NOTE = {18 July. Section C, Page 8, Column 1},
  ANNOTE = {This is the first article I could find in the
                  mainstream media detailing what happened with Dmitri
                  Sklyarov.}
}


@MISC{Moglen2001,
  AUTHOR = {Eben Moglen},
  TITLE = {The dotCommunist Manifesto: How Culture Became
                  Property and What We're Going to Do About It},
  HOWPUBLISHED = {Published Electronically at:
                  \url{http://www.ibiblio.org/moglen}},
  YEAR = {2001},
  NOTE = {University of North Carolina. November 8},
  ANNOTE = {This is the speech given at UNC. It does follow a
                  bit of the manifesto form. It's moving, contains
                  lots of great stories and a good deal of theoretical
                  basis. A fantastic resource.}
}


@BOOK{Patterson1968,
  AUTHOR = {Lyman Ray Patterson},
  TITLE = {Copyright in Historical Perspective},
  PUBLISHER = {Vanderbilt University Press},
  YEAR = {1968},
  ADDRESS = {Nashville, TN},
  ANNOTE = {Vaidhyanathan recommends it as a good general account
                  of the development of copyright. It is narrative in
                  nature but relatively entraining and well
                  researched. It has a chapter on ``Copyright in
                  Historic Perspective'' which is well suited to my
                  description of copyright in a socio-historical
                  context. Unfortunately, the book is almost wholly
                  limited to the UK and focuses the vast majority of
                  its discussion on very early or pre-copyright
                  periods.}
}


@BOOK{Thomas1967,
  AUTHOR = {Denis Thomas},
  TITLE = {Copyright and the Creative Artist},
  PUBLISHER = {Institute of Economic Affairs, LTD},
  YEAR = {1967},
  ADDRESS = {London, UK},
  ANNOTE = {The monograph is highly geared toward music and is
                  slightly less useful than it might otherwise be. Has
                  a section on economic effects and creativity with
                  several subsections on the pressures on copyright
                  term limits which should do a good job of summing up
                  some of the issues in terms of the limit the terms
                  of copyright.}
}


@BOOK{OTA1989,
  AUTHOR = {Technology Assessment, Office of},
  TITLE = {Copyright and Home Copying: Technology Challenges
                  the Law},
  PUBLISHER = {Congress of the United States, Office of Technology
                  Assessment},
  YEAR = {1989},
  ANNOTE = {The book prepared by the OTA seems highly biased in
                  favor of the RIAA and MPAA which consulted on the
                  writing of the document but also talks a lot about
                  the Sony Supreme Court case and the way that
                  copyright holders can be overly hesitant in regards
                  to new technologies.}
}


@BOOK{USCO1963,
  AUTHOR = {United States Copyright Office},
  TITLE = {Copyright enactments: laws passed in the United
                  States since 1783 relating to copyright.},
  PUBLISHER = {Copyright office, Library of Congress},
  YEAR = {1963},
  EDITION = {Rev},
  OPTANNOTE = {extra description is unnecessary}
}


@BOOK{Gere1987,
  AUTHOR = {Anne Ruggles Gere},
  TITLE = {Writing Groups: History, Theory and Implications},
  PUBLISHER = {Souther Illinois University Press},
  YEAR = {1987},
  ADDRESS = {Carbondale, IL},
  ANNOTE = {Gere's study spans over 100 years and argues that
                  writing groups are neither new or novel and that
                  they exist both within and beyond the
                  academy. Leonard has a very complimentary
                  description in his bibliography.}
}


@BOOK{Lessig1999,
  AUTHOR = {Lawrence Lessig},
  TITLE = {Code and Other Laws of Cyberspace},
  PUBLISHER = {Basic Books},
  YEAR = {},
  ADDRESS = {New York, NY},
  ANNOTE = {This book introduces Lessig's idea of ``code'' which
                  he uses to refer to both technical and legal
                  mechanisms for control. He also connects to this the
                  economic pressures often motivating control. His
                  work provides a great resource in describing the
                  political nature of technical design and in
                  connecting the technical to legal.}
}


@BOOK{Stallman2002,
  AUTHOR = {Richard M. Stallman},
  EDITOR = {Joshua Gay},
  TITLE = {Free Software Free Society},
  PUBLISHER = {GNU Press},
  YEAR = {2002},
  ADDRESS = {Boston, MA},
  EDITION = {1st},
  ANNOTE = {Contains most of RMS's major essays on free software
                  philosophy, history and applications to other
                  areas. It's a good reference for introducing the
                  free software model. It also contains ``The Right to
                  Read'' which is a great story by RMS that ties uses
                  the metaphor of reading to describe proprietary
                  code.}
}


@BOOK{Raymond1999,
  AUTHOR = {Eric S. Raymond},
  EDITOR = {Tim O'Reilly},
  TITLE = {The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and
                  Open Source by an Accidental Revolutionary},
  PUBLISHER = {O'Reilly and Associates},
  YEAR = {1999},
  ADDRESS = {Sebastopol, CA},
  ANNOTE = {Contains a number of essays by ESR including the
                  famous Cathedral and Bazaar. Most essays are
                  available on the Internet on ESR's website. The
                  title essay contains the most famous description of
                  why the decentralized and collaborative processes
                  behind Linux and Open Source are so wildly
                  successful.}
}


@BOOK{Pool1997,
  AUTHOR = {Robert Pool},
  TITLE = {Beyond Engineering},
  PUBLISHER = {Oxford University Press},
  YEAR = {1997},
  ADDRESS = {New York, NY},
  ANNOTE = {Pool set out to write a story about nuclear power
                  but ended up writing a much broader analysis,
                  although he still keeps nuclear power as the central
                  example for the book. Rather than continuing to
                  describe the way that technology a affects society
                  in important ways, he describes the way that society
                  itself affects the development of technology. Pooly
                  says in the introduction: ``Invention is no longer,
                  as Ralph Waldo Emerson's aphorism had it, simply a
                  matter of 'Build a better mousetrap and the world
                  will beat a path to your door.' The world is already
                  at your door, and it is a few things to say about
                  that mousetrap.'' He also sets out one of his goals
                  of marrying the positivist and social constructionist
                  vision in regards to science and technology.}
}


@BOOK{Provenzo1986,
  AUTHOR = {Eugene F. Provenzo, Jr.},
  TITLE = {The Gutenberg Galaxy: Microcomputers and the
                  Emergence of Post-Typographical Culture},
  PUBLISHER = {Teachers College Press},
  YEAR = {1986},
  ADDRESS = {Amsterdam, The Netherlands},
  ANNOTE = {Provenzo picks up where McLuhan left off in The
                  Gutenberg Galaxy and compares the emergence of
                  microcomputers to the emergence of the printing press
                  and tries to analyze the social, intellectual and
                  political issues at the heart of the issue. He
                  introduces computer and describes this possibilities
                  with striking accuracy. He also hypothesizes that
                  the real power of the computer lies not in the
                  machines themselves but their ability to be
                  networked (29). He has a chapter on the Electronic
                  Scriptorium that compares the advances in
                  micro-computer technology to the type of information
                  sharing at the heart of the Renaissance but quickly
                  gets distracted by the idea of virtual universities
                  and new forms of scholarship.}
}


@BOOK{Schleifer2000,
  AUTHOR = {Ronald Schleifer},
  TITLE = {Analogical Thinking: Post-Enlightenment
                  Understanding in Language, Collaboration and
                  Interpretation},
  PUBLISHER = {The University of Michigan Press},
  YEAR = {2000},
  ADDRESS = {Ann Arbor, MI},
  ANNOTE = {Shleifer makes analogy this model for an interesting
                  definition of collaboration that, unfortunately, I
                  didn't find particularly relevant to my discussion
                  about control. It provides an interesting model that
                  may be worth exploring in more detail in another
                  place. It embraces a model of socio-historical
                  analysis and post-modern thought.}
}


@ARTICLE{Clifford1981,
  AUTHOR = {John Clifford},
  TITLE = {Composing in Stages: The Effects of a Collaborative
                  Pedagogy},
  JOURNAL = {Research in the Teaching of English},
  YEAR = {1981},
  VOLUME = {15},
  PAGES = {37-53},
  ANNOTE = {Clifford designed a study that attempts to
                  ``empirically test'' theories that claim that
                  collaboration (in the form of peer conference
                  groups) improved students' writing. He rigorously
                  control the groups and noted ``significantly higher
                  gains,'' in the group that was working
                  collaboratively over the groups that were not.}
}


@ARTICLE{Bruffee1973a,
  AUTHOR = {Kenneth A. Bruffee},
  TITLE = {Collaborative Learning: Some Practical Models},
  JOURNAL = {College English},
  YEAR = {1973},
  VOLUME = {34},
  NUMBER = {5},
  PAGES = {634-643},
  MONTH = {February},
  ANNOTE = {The article introduces examples of collaborative
                  learning is extremely prevalent and effective
                  outside the classroom in a wide variety of areas. It
                  then describes the way that Bruffee has introduced
                  collaborative processes into the classroom and
                  describes wholly positive results that he has
                  enjoyed as a product. It is very geared toward
                  collaborative learning.}
}


@ARTICLE{Bruffee1981,
  AUTHOR = {Kenneth A. Bruffee},
  TITLE = {Comment and Response: Collaborative Learning},
  JOURNAL = {College English},
  YEAR = {1981},
  VOLUME = {43},
  NUMBER = {7},
  PAGES = {745-747},
  MONTH = {November},
  ANNOTE = {This essay is part of an exchange with Richard
                  Gebhardt about the nature and dangers of
                  collaborative work and discussions of students who
                  might be unprepared for collaborative work. Neither
                  response seems like it's arguing over anything fully
                  substantive, at least to my argument.}
}


@ARTICLE{Gebhardt1981,
  AUTHOR = {Richard Gebhardt},
  TITLE = {Richard Gebhardt Responds},
  JOURNAL = {College English},
  YEAR = {1981},
  VOLUME = {43},
  NUMBER = {7},
  PAGES = {747-749},
  ANNOTE = {Response to Bruffee's response to Gebhardt's article
                  a year before. See the annotations on Bruffee1981 for
                  more information.}
}


@ARTICLE{Gebhardt1980,
  AUTHOR = {Richard Gebhardt},
  TITLE = {Teamwork and Feedback: Broadening the Base of
                  Collaborative Writing},
  JOURNAL = {College English},
  YEAR = {1980},
  VOLUME = {42},
  PAGES = {69-74},
  ANNOTE = {Gebhardt advocates the use of peer conference groups
                  for invention and creation and argues that it
                  provides emotional support.}
}


@ARTICLE{Bruffee1984,
  AUTHOR = {Kenneth A. Bruffee},
  TITLE = {A Collaborative Learning and the 'Conversation of
                  Mankind'},
  JOURNAL = {College English},
  YEAR = {1984},
  VOLUME = {46},
  NUMBER = {7},
  PAGES = {635-652},
  ANNOTE = {This is Bruffee's longest and most in-depth article
                  on collaborative writing and collaborative
                  learning. In it, introduces the ideas upon which
                  collaborative learning is based. He connects writing
                  and learning with a different method for approaching
                  thought as a community process. He references Kuhn
                  and uses this to make an argument about how English
                  should be taught collaboratively.}
}


@ARTICLE{Stewart1988,
  AUTHOR = {Donald C. Stewart},
  TITLE = {Collaborative Learning and Composition: Boon or
                  Bane?},
  JOURNAL = {Rhetoric Review},
  YEAR = {1988},
  VOLUME = {7},
  PAGES = {58-83},
  ANNOTE = {Stewart describes collaborative learning as a path
                  to ``totalitarian societies in which the individual
                  is completely subjected to and subjugated by the
                  will of the group.'' He dislikes social
                  constructivism, he seems to dislike social
                  scientists, and he associates the term collaboration
                  with World War II collaborators. He feels that
                  collaborative writing is impossible for introverts.}
}


@ARTICLE{Bruffee1986,
  AUTHOR = {Kenneth A. Bruffee},
  TITLE = {Kenneth A. Bruffee Responds},
  JOURNAL = {College English},
  YEAR = {1986},
  VOLUME = {48},
  NUMBER = {1},
  PAGES = {77-78},
  ANNOTE = {Kenneth Bruffee defending his vision of
                  collaborative learning and collaborative writing as
                  he response to Johnson--an article that is currently
                  not listed in this database.}
}


@BOOK{Writer1966,
  AUTHOR = {Alexander Hamilton and James Madison and John Jay},
  EDITOR = {Benjamin Fletcher Wright},
  TITLE = {The Federalist},
  PUBLISHER = {Belknap Press of Harvard University Press},
  YEAR = {1966},
  ADDRESS = {Cambridge, MA},
  ANNOTE = {Madison's paper 43 opens up with a paragraph about
                  copyright and why it is important in American law
                  and why Article 1, Section 8 is important in the
                  beginning of the new country.}
}


@BOOK{Bollier2002,
  AUTHOR = {David Bollier},
  TITLE = {Silent Theft: The Private Plunder of Our Common
                  Wealth},
  PUBLISHER = {Routledge Press},
  YEAR = {2002},
  ADDRESS = {New York, NY},
  ANNOTE = {Bollier puts forward a metaphor of the commons to
                  tie together a number of different movements like
                  the environmental movement and the free software
                  movement.}
}


@BOOK{Lefevre1987,
  AUTHOR = {Karen Burke LeFevre},
  TITLE = {Invention as a Social Act},
  PUBLISHER = {Southern Illinois University Press},
  YEAR = {1987},
  ADDRESS = {Carbondale, IL},
  ANNOTE = {Chapter 4 pertains specifically to invention as a
                  collaborative act and provides a theoretical
                  foundation as well as examples of collaborative
                  views. It includes classical rhetoric as well as
                  modern applications. It has a great bibliography.}
}


@BOOK{Spigelman2000,
  AUTHOR = {Candace Spigelman},
  TITLE = {Across Property Lines: Textual Ownership in Writing
                  Groups},
  PUBLISHER = {Southern Illinois University Press},
  YEAR = {2000},
  ADDRESS = {Carbondale, IL},
  ANNOTE = {Spigelman looks at writing groups, people not
                  coauthoring texts but engaging in peer review. Her
                  case studies are a group of creative writers and a
                  group of students. She uses the metaphor of
                  ownership and intellectual property to make claims
                  about the way that authorship troubles, and even can
                  help collaborative writing.}
}


@ARTICLE{Oakes1984,
  AUTHOR = {Janice E. Oakes},
  TITLE = {Copyright and the First Amendment: Where Lies the
                  Public Interest?},
  JOURNAL = {Tulane Law Review},
  YEAR = {1984},
  VOLUME = {59},
  MONTH = {October},
  ANNOTE = {Oakes argues that because of the idea/expression
                  dichotomy, there should ideally be no
                  copyright/first amendment conflict. However, she
                  notes that often, ``ideas alone are not sufficient
                  to enable an author to express his own ideas, and
                  the rights of free speech and free press demand
                  access to the particular from of expression
                  contained in a copyrighted work.'' She argues that
                  this is the reason that has historically been, an
                  needs to be very narrow, encompassing only the
                  author's theories and original expression of
                  particular facts.}
}


@ARTICLE{Pfaffenberger2001,
  AUTHOR = {Bryan Pfaffenberger},
  TITLE = {Why Open Content Matters},
  JOURNAL = {Linux Journal},
  YEAR = {2001},
  VOLUME = {30},
  MONTH = {April 11},
  ANNOTE = {Pfaffenberger makes a concise argument for the
                  importance of open content and argues that the free
                  software's license based model is the only way to do
                  it correctly.}
}


@MISC{Benkler2001,
  AUTHOR = {Yochai Benkler},
  TITLE = {Coase's Penguin, or, Linux and the Nature of the
                  Firm},
  HOWPUBLISHED = {Published Electronically at:
                  \url{http://www.benkler.org/CoasesPenguin.PDF}},
  MONTH = {October},
  YEAR = {2001},
  ANNOTE = {This long piece tries to investigation collaboration
                  as an emerging type of peer production exemplified
                  by Linux and facilitated by new technology. It's
                  implications for collaborative writing are
                  important.}
}


@BOOK{Speck1999,
  EDITOR = {Bruce W. Speck, Teresa R. Johnson, Catherine P. Dice
                  and Leon B. Heaton},
  TITLE = {Collaborative Writing: An Annotated Bibliography},
  PUBLISHER = {Greenwood Press},
  YEAR = {1999},
  ADDRESS = {Westport, CT},
  ANNOTE = {The annotated bibliography is large, exhaustive for
                  work before 1999, and the annotations are
                  consistently informative and good. The book is
                  largely split into collaboration in the classroom
                  and in non-academic settings which is presents an
                  awkward division for my analysis. However, it proved
                  invaluable in the research of computer supported
                  collaboration several other sections.}
}


@INCOLLECTION{Meiklejohn1975,
  AUTHOR = {Alexander Meiklejohn},
  TITLE = {The First Amendment is an Absolute},
  BOOKTITLE = {Free Speech and Association: The Supreme Court and
                  the First Amendment},
  PAGES = {1-22},
  PUBLISHER = {The University of Chicago Press},
  YEAR = {1975},
  EDITOR = {Philip B. Kurland},
  ADDRESS = {Chicago, IL},
  ANNOTE = {Meiklejohn lays out a strong argument for the
                  protection of free speech by arguing that the point
                  of free speech is in promoting a democratic
                  discourse. As a result, speech with direct political
                  implications must be strongly speech but so much all
                  speech that informs a democratic speech which,
                  interpreted broadly as argues, would include almost
                  everything and provide a robust system of protection.}
}


@MISC{CreativeCommons2003a,
  AUTHOR = {Creative Commons},
  TITLE = {Projects: Founders' Copyright},
  HOWPUBLISHED = {Published Electronically at:
                  \url{http://creativecommons.org/projects/founderscopyright}},
  YEAR = {2003},
  NOTE = {Accessed 13 April 2003},
  ANNOTE = {The Founders' Copyright is a contractual agreement
                  between CC and a copyright holder where the
                  copyright holder agrees to release their work into
                  the public domain after fourteen years which is the
                  original duration of copyright as stated by the
                  United States' founding fathers.}
}


@BOOK{Leuf2001,
  AUTHOR = {Bo Leuf and Ward Cunningham},
  TITLE = {The Wiki Way: Quick Collaboration on the Web},
  PUBLISHER = {Addison Wesley},
  YEAR = {2001},
  ADDRESS = {Upper Saddle River, NJ},
  ANNOTE = {This book is co-authored by the inventor of the
                  Wiki, Ward Cunningham and describes the design,
                  history and usefulness of Wikis. It's not completely
                  clear why such a large book was necessary but it
                  provides everything I need and more on Wikis for the
                  tech section.}
}


@INCOLLECTION{Foucault2002,
  AUTHOR = {Michel Foucault},
  TITLE = {What is an Author?},
  BOOKTITLE = {The Book History Reader},
  PAGES = {225-230},
  PUBLISHER = {Routledge},
  YEAR = {2002},
  EDITOR = {David Finkelstein and Alistair McCleery},
  CHAPTER = {15},
  ADDRESS = {New York, NY},
  OPTANNOTE = {}
}


@INCOLLECTION{Barthes2002,
  AUTHOR = {Roland Barthes},
  TITLE = {The Death of the Author},
  BOOKTITLE = {The Book History Reader},
  PAGES = {221-224},
  PUBLISHER = {Routledge},
  YEAR = {2002},
  EDITOR = {David Finkelstein and Alistair McCleery},
  CHAPTER = {15},
  ADDRESS = {New York, NY},
  OPTANNOTE = {}
}


@ARTICLE{Benkler1999,
  AUTHOR = {Yochai Benkler},
  TITLE = {Free As the Air to Common Use: First Amendment
                  Constraints on the Enclosure of the Public Domain},
  JOURNAL = {New York University Law Review},
  YEAR = {1999},
  MONTH = {May},
  OPTANNOTE = {}
}


@ARTICLE{Netanel1996,
  AUTHOR = {Neil W. Netanel},
  TITLE = {Copyright and a Democratic Civil Society},
  JOURNAL = {Yale Law Journal},
  YEAR = {1996},
  VOLUME = {106},
  NUMBER = {2},
  PAGES = {283-387},
  MONTH = {November},
  OPTANNOTE = {}
}


@BOOK{Barrett1989,
  EDITOR = {Edward Barrett},
  TITLE = {The Society of Text: Hypertext, Hypermedia and the
                  Social Construction of Information},
  PUBLISHER = {MIT Press},
  YEAR = {1989},
  ADDRESS = {Cambridge, MA},
  OPTANNOTE = {}
}


@ARTICLE{Barbato1986,
  AUTHOR = {Joseph Barbato},
  TITLE = {Giving up the Ghost},
  JOURNAL = {Publishers Weekly},
  YEAR = {1986},
  VOLUME = {229},
  NUMBER = {3},
  PAGES = {34-38},
  MONTH = {January},
  DAY = {10},
  ANNOTE = {Leonard's bibliography describes the way it
                  discusses the escalating scale of ``as-told-to,''
                  ``with,'' and ``and.''}
}


@BOOK{Donoghue1998,
  AUTHOR = {Emma Donoghue},
  TITLE = {We are Michael Field},
  PUBLISHER = {The Cromwell Press},
  YEAR = {1998},
  ADDRESS = {Trowbridge, UK},
  ANNOTE = {This is a bit of biography about Michael Fields, a
                  name that friends and publishers used to refer to
                  two poet who collaborated on poetry. The women,
                  Katherine Bradly and Edith Cooper, lived and wrote
                  poetry together. Pages 34-38 describe the
                  collaboration. It's an interesting example,
                  especially from a feminist and lesbian
                  example. Their reasoning for using a joint pseudonym
                  is multifaceted and telling but perhaps more complex
                  than I can go into for this paper.}
}